Major depressive disorder (MDD), what is it:

Major depressive disorder (MDD), what is it:

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), commonly known as depression, is a mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in daily activities. It is a serious medical illness that can significantly affect a person’s thoughts, feelings, behavior, and overall well-being.

Key features of Major Depressive Disorder include:

Depressed Mood: Individuals with MDD often experience a pervasive and sustained low mood. This can manifest as feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness.

Loss of Interest or Pleasure: Anhedonia, or the inability to experience pleasure or interest in activities that were once enjoyable, is a common symptom of depression.

Changes in Appetite and Weight: Significant changes in appetite, leading to weight loss or gain, are common in individuals with depression.

Sleep Disturbances: Insomnia or hypersomnia (excessive sleep) are often associated with MDD.

Fatigue or Loss of Energy: People with depression may feel tired, sluggish, or lacking in energy, even after a full night’s sleep.

Feelings of Worthlessness or Guilt: Individuals with depression may experience feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, often without clear cause.

Difficulty Concentrating or Making Decisions: Cognitive difficulties, such as problems with concentration and decision-making, are common in depression.

Psychomotor Agitation or Retardation: This involves observable physical movements that are either excessively agitated or slowed down.

Recurrent Thoughts of Death or Suicidal Ideation: Some individuals with depression may experience thoughts of death or suicide. If you or someone you know is struggling with such thoughts, it is crucial to seek professional help immediately.

To be diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder, these symptoms must persist for at least two weeks and significantly interfere with daily functioning. The exact causes of depression are complex and can involve a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Treatment options typically include psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both, and the approach may vary based on the severity of symptoms and individual circumstances. It’s important for individuals experiencing symptoms of depression to seek help from mental health professionals for proper assessment and support.

Shervan K Shahhian