Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) is a psychological condition that can develop in response to prolonged, repeated trauma, particularly in interpersonal relationships. It shares similarities with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), but it is considered more complex and often involves exposure to multiple traumatic events over an extended period.
Here are some key features and characteristics of Complex PTSD:
Prolonged Trauma: Unlike PTSD, which typically results from a single traumatic event, CPTSD is associated with ongoing or repeated trauma. This can include situations such as childhood abuse, neglect, domestic violence, or long-term captivity.
Interpersonal Trauma: CPTSD is often linked to trauma that occurs within interpersonal relationships, such as abusive relationships, childhood abuse, or situations involving betrayal and exploitation.
Dysregulation of Emotions: Individuals with CPTSD may experience intense and fluctuating emotions. They may struggle to regulate their emotions effectively, leading to mood swings, intense anger, sadness, or feelings of emptiness.
Distorted Self-Perception: CPTSD can impact how individuals see themselves. They may struggle with feelings of shame, guilt, and a distorted self-image. Low self-esteem and a sense of worthlessness are common.
Difficulties in Relationships: People with CPTSD may have challenges forming and maintaining healthy relationships. Trust issues, fear of abandonment, and difficulties with intimacy are common.
Hypervigilance and Dissociation: Similar to PTSD, individuals with CPTSD may experience hypervigilance, constantly being on high alert for potential threats. Additionally, they may engage in dissociative coping mechanisms, where they mentally disconnect from their surroundings or experiences as a way to cope with overwhelming emotions.
Impact on Identity: CPTSD can affect the development of a stable and cohesive sense of identity. The individual may struggle with self-identity, feeling fragmented or as if they have lost a sense of who they are.
Impaired Functioning: The symptoms of CPTSD can significantly impair a person’s ability to function in various areas of life, including work, relationships, and daily activities.
Treatment for CPTSD often involves a combination of psychotherapy, such as trauma-focused therapies like Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) or dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and sometimes medication to address specific symptoms. It’s important for individuals with CPTSD to seek professional help to address their unique experiences and challenges.
Shervan K Shahhian
LIBERTY PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION 