Author Archives: Shervan K Shahhian, LIBERTY PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, The Most Comprehensive Online Library Regarding Mental Health, Psychology and Parapsychology in the World.

Is Bipolar I depression any different than other types of depression:

Yes, Bipolar I depression is different from other types of depression in the context of bipolar disorder. Bipolar I disorder is characterized by episodes of mania and depression. The depressive episodes in Bipolar I disorder are similar to major depressive disorder (MDD), which is a standalone condition characterized by periods of intense low mood, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, changes in sleep and appetite, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, and difficulty concentrating.

The key distinction between Bipolar I depression and unipolar depression (like MDD) lies in the presence of manic or hypomanic episodes in bipolar disorder. In Bipolar I disorder, individuals experience episodes of mania, which are characterized by elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, and impulsivity. Hypomanic episodes are similar but less severe than full-blown manic episodes.

In summary, Bipolar I depression is a component of bipolar disorder, and it is different from other types of depression like MDD because it occurs within the context of mood swings that include manic or hypomanic episodes. The cycling between depressive and manic/hypomanic episodes distinguishes bipolar depression from unipolar depression.

Shervan K Shahhian

Bipolar I, diagnoses:

Bipolar I disorder is a mental health condition characterized by periods of mania and depression. To receive a diagnosis of Bipolar I disorder, a person typically must meet specific criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), which is a widely used diagnostic manual for mental health professionals.

The essential features of Bipolar I disorder include at least one episode of mania. Mania is a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and increased energy or activity. During a manic episode, an individual may experience symptoms such as:

1. Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
2. Decreased need for sleep
3. Increased talkativeness
4. Racing thoughts or a flight of ideas
5. Distractibility
6. Increased goal-directed activity or psychomotor agitation
7. Excessive involvement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (e.g., reckless spending, sexual indiscretions, or impulsive business investments)

The manic episode must last for at least one week (or require hospitalization) and be accompanied by significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Additionally, the manic episode should not be attributed to the effects of a substance (e.g., drug abuse) or another medical condition.

It’s important to note that individuals with Bipolar I disorder also experience depressive episodes, which involve symptoms such as a depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, fatigue, changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbances, and feelings of worthlessness or guilt.

If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of Bipolar I disorder, it is crucial to seek professional help. A mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist or psychologist, can conduct a comprehensive evaluation to determine an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan, which may include medications, psychotherapy, or a combination of both.

Shervan K Shahhian

Bipolar I episodes, what triggers it:

Bipolar I disorder is a mental health condition characterized by the presence of manic episodes, which are typically followed by periods of depression. The exact cause of bipolar disorder is not fully understood, and it is likely to result from a combination of genetic, biological, and environmental factors. While specific triggers for bipolar episodes can vary from person to person, some common factors may contribute to the onset of manic or depressive episodes. It’s important to note that not everyone with bipolar disorder will have identifiable triggers, and sometimes episodes can occur without a clear precipitating factor. Here are some potential triggers:

Stressful Life Events: Significant life events, such as job loss, relationship problems, financial difficulties, or major life changes, can contribute to the onset of bipolar episodes.

Sleep Disruption: Changes in sleep patterns, including lack of sleep or irregular sleep, can trigger manic episodes. Sleep disruption is often associated with the onset of both manic and depressive episodes.

Substance Abuse: The use of drugs or alcohol can destabilize mood and trigger episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder. Substance abuse can also interfere with medication effectiveness.

Medication Non-compliance: Skipping or discontinuing medication without consulting a healthcare professional can lead to a recurrence of symptoms.

Seasonal Changes: Some individuals with bipolar disorder may experience seasonal patterns, with a higher likelihood of manic or depressive episodes during specific times of the year.

Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations, such as those associated with the menstrual cycle or menopause, can potentially influence mood in individuals with bipolar disorder.

Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions or changes in physical health may contribute to the onset of bipolar episodes.

Genetic Factors: A family history of bipolar disorder or other mood disorders may increase the risk of developing the condition.

It’s important for individuals with bipolar disorder to work closely with mental health professionals to manage the condition effectively. Treatment often involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, lifestyle modifications, and support from healthcare providers and loved ones. Identifying and managing triggers can be an essential part of a comprehensive treatment plan.

Shervan K Shahhian

Behaving impulsively, what does that mean:

Behaving impulsively refers to acting on sudden urges, desires, or emotions without giving much thought to the potential consequences. It involves making decisions or taking actions without carefully considering the long-term effects or evaluating the situation thoroughly. Impulsive behavior is often characterized by a lack of planning or reflection and can be driven by emotions, immediate gratification, or external stimuli.

People who behave impulsively may act on instinct, responding to their immediate feelings or impulses without considering the potential risks or outcomes. This type of behavior can sometimes lead to negative consequences or regrets, as individuals may not have taken the time to weigh the pros and cons of their actions.

Examples of impulsive behavior include making impromptu purchases, reacting angrily without thinking, or engaging in risky activities without considering the potential dangers. While some level of spontaneity can be positive, excessive impulsivity can lead to challenges in personal and professional relationships, as well as impact overall well-being.

Shervan K Shahhian

Manic symptoms, what are they:

Manic symptoms are associated with manic episodes, which are a key feature of bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings, including episodes of mania and depression. Manic symptoms refer to the elevated, irritable, or expansive mood and increased energy levels experienced during a manic episode.

Common manic symptoms include:

Elevated Mood: Individuals in a manic state often experience an abnormally high or euphoric mood. They may feel unusually optimistic, confident, or even invincible.

Increased Energy: People in a manic episode typically have a surge in energy levels. They may engage in excessive physical activity, talk rapidly, and have a decreased need for sleep.

Racing Thoughts: Thoughts may race, and individuals may find it challenging to focus or concentrate on one task. This can lead to impulsivity and poor decision-making.

Irritability: Some individuals in a manic state may become easily agitated or irritable, reacting strongly to minor stressors.

Reduced Need for Sleep: During a manic episode, individuals may feel like they require less sleep than usual. Despite getting minimal sleep, they may still feel highly energetic.

Grandiosity: People in a manic state may have an inflated sense of self-importance, believing they possess special powers or abilities. They may take on overly ambitious projects or make grandiose plans.

Increased Risk-Taking Behavior: Mania can lead to impulsive and risky behaviors, such as excessive spending, reckless driving, substance abuse, or engaging in unsafe sexual activities.

It’s important to note that the severity and duration of manic symptoms can vary from person to person. Additionally, bipolar disorder involves alternating periods of mania and depression. A manic episode is often followed by a depressive episode, characterized by low mood, decreased energy, and feelings of sadness or hopelessness.

If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of mania or bipolar disorder, it is crucial to seek professional help. A mental health professional can provide an accurate diagnosis and develop a treatment plan, which may include medication, psychotherapy, or a combination of both.

Shervan K Shahhian

Depressive symptoms, what are they:

Depressive symptoms refer to a set of emotional, cognitive, and physical manifestations associated with depression or major depressive disorder. Depression is a mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in daily activities. It’s important to note that experiencing some of these symptoms occasionally doesn’t necessarily indicate clinical depression, but when these symptoms persist for an extended period and significantly impact daily functioning, it may be indicative of a depressive disorder.

Common depressive symptoms include:

Persistent Sadness: Feeling sad, empty, or hopeless for most of the day.

Loss of Interest or Pleasure: Losing interest in activities that were once enjoyable, including hobbies and social interactions.

Changes in Sleep Patterns: Insomnia (difficulty sleeping) or hypersomnia (excessive sleeping) may occur.

Changes in Appetite or Weight: Significant weight loss or gain, and changes in appetite.

Fatigue or Loss of Energy: Feeling constantly tired and lacking the energy to carry out daily activities.

Feelings of Worthlessness or Guilt: Persistent negative thoughts about oneself, feeling worthless or excessively guilty.

Difficulty Concentrating: Trouble focusing, making decisions, or remembering things.

Agitation or Restlessness: Feeling on edge, irritable, or restless.

Physical Symptoms: Aches, pains, headaches, or digestive problems without a clear physical cause.

Suicidal Thoughts: In severe cases, individuals may experience thoughts of death or suicide.

It’s important to recognize that everyone’s experience with depression is unique, and not all individuals with depression will exhibit the same symptoms. Additionally, some people may mask their symptoms, making it challenging for others to identify their struggles. If you or someone you know is experiencing persistent depressive symptoms, it’s crucial to seek professional help from a mental health professional. Depression is a treatable condition, and various therapeutic approaches, including counseling and medication, can be effective in managing and alleviating symptoms.

Shervan K Shahhian

What are the symptoms of bipolar I:

Bipolar I disorder is a mental health condition characterized by distinct episodes of mania and depression. The symptoms can vary widely and may include the following:

Manic Episodes:

• Elevated Mood: An abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood.
• Increased Energy: Markedly increased energy and activity levels.
• Impulsivity: Impulsive and risky behavior, such as excessive spending, reckless driving, or engaging in risky sexual activities.
• Racing Thoughts: Rapid, racing thoughts, and a flight of ideas.
• Decreased Need for Sleep: A decreased need for sleep without feeling fatigued.

Depressive Episodes:

• Low Mood: Persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness.
• Fatigue: Loss of energy and fatigue, even with minimal exertion.
• Sleep Changes: Changes in sleep patterns, such as insomnia or hypersomnia.
• Appetite Changes: Significant changes in appetite, weight loss or gain.
• Difficulty Concentrating: Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, or remembering things.
• Feelings of Worthlessness or Guilt: Feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt.
• Suicidal Thoughts: Thoughts of death or suicide, or suicide attempts.

Mixed Episodes:

• Symptoms of both manic and depressive episodes occurring simultaneously or in rapid succession.

It’s important to note that the severity and duration of these episodes can vary among individuals with bipolar I disorder. Additionally, the disorder can have a significant impact on daily functioning and relationships. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of bipolar I disorder, it’s crucial to seek professional help from a mental health provider for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Shervan K Shahhian

Unfortunately Yes, there is evidence to suggest that Bipolar I disorder can have a genetic component and may run in families. Individuals with a first-degree relative (such as a parent or sibling) who has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder are at a higher risk of developing the condition themselves compared to the general population. However, it’s important to note that the development of bipolar disorder is influenced by a combination of genetic, biological, and environmental factors.

While a family history of bipolar disorder increases the risk, it doesn’t guarantee that someone will develop the condition. Other factors, such as life events, stress, and brain structure and function, also play a role in the onset of bipolar disorder. Additionally, not everyone with a family history of bipolar disorder will go on to develop the condition, and conversely, some individuals without a family history may still develop bipolar disorder.

If you have concerns about bipolar disorder or mental health in your family, it’s advisable to consult with a mental health professional. They can provide a more comprehensive evaluation and help assess the potential risk factors for individuals in your specific situation.

Shervan K Shahhian

Bipolar I disorder is a condition that causes:

Bipolar I disorder is a mental health condition that causes dramatic shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. It is characterized by episodes of mania, which is a period of elevated mood, increased energy, and impulsive behavior, alternating with episodes of depression, marked by low mood, decreased energy, and feelings of sadness.

The key features of bipolar I disorder include:

Manic Episodes: These are periods of intense and elevated mood, often accompanied by increased energy, decreased need for sleep, racing thoughts, grandiosity, impulsivity, and risky behavior. During manic episodes, individuals may feel euphoric and have an inflated sense of self-esteem.

Depressive Episodes: These episodes involve persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities. Physical symptoms may include changes in appetite and sleep patterns, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating.

The episodes of mania and depression can vary in duration, and the severity of symptoms can significantly impact a person’s daily functioning and quality of life. It’s important to note that bipolar I disorder is different from bipolar II disorder, which involves episodes of hypomania (less severe than full-blown mania) and major depression.

The exact cause of bipolar I disorder is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, biological, and environmental factors. Treatment typically includes mood stabilizers, psychotherapy, and, in some cases, antipsychotic medications. It is a chronic condition that often requires ongoing management and support. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of bipolar I disorder, it’s essential to seek professional help for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Shervan K Shahhian

Depression and the feeling of loss of control:

Depression can be a complex and multifaceted mental health condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities. It often goes hand in hand with a sense of loss of control, which can manifest in various ways. Here are some ways in which depression may contribute to a feeling of loss of control:

Emotional Control:

• Depression can make it difficult to regulate emotions. Individuals may experience intense sadness, anxiety, or irritability without a clear understanding of the cause.

Cognitive Control:

• Depressive thoughts often involve negative and distorted thinking patterns. It becomes challenging for individuals to control or redirect these automatic negative thoughts.

Motivational Control:

A lack of motivation is a common symptom of depression. This can result in difficulty initiating and sustaining activities, affecting one’s ability to set and achieve goals.

Physical Control:

• Depression may lead to changes in sleep patterns, appetite, and energy levels, affecting physical well-being. This can contribute to a sense of helplessness and lack of control over one’s own body.

Social Control:

• Depression can impact relationships and social interactions. Individuals may isolate themselves, withdraw from social activities, or have difficulty connecting with others, furthering the sense of losing control over their social life.

Loss of Interest:

• Activities that were once enjoyable may lose their appeal due to depression. This can contribute to a feeling of losing control over one’s interests and passions.

Life Control:

• Depression can make it challenging to envision a positive future or to believe in one’s ability to shape their life. This sense of a diminishing sense of control over the direction of one’s life can be a significant factor in depression.

It’s important to note that depression is a treatable condition. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of depression, it’s crucial to seek help from mental health professionals. Therapy, medication, and support from loved ones can play important roles in managing depression and regaining a sense of control.

Shervan K Shahhian