Author Archives: Shervan K Shahhian, LIBERTY PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, The Most Comprehensive Online Library Regarding Mental Health, Psychology and Parapsychology in the World.

Polyvagal Theory, what is it exactly

Polyvagal Theory, what is it exactly: Polyvagal Theory is a neuroscientific theory developed by Dr. Stephen Porges in the 1990s. This theory provides insights into the autonomic nervous system’s (ANS) role in regulating our physiological responses and how these responses influence our behavior, emotions, and social interactions. The theory is named after the vagus nerve, a key component of the ANS. Here are the key concepts of Polyvagal Theory:

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): The ANS is responsible for regulating involuntary physiological processes in the body, such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate. It consists of two branches: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).

Three Neural Circuits: Polyvagal Theory posits that there are three distinct neural circuits within the PNS, each associated with different evolutionary stages and corresponding behavioral and physiological responses: a. Ventral Vagal Complex (VVC): This is the most recently evolved part of the vagus nerve and is associated with the social engagement system. When the VVC is active, individuals are in a state of calm, social engagement, and connection. This is when we are most receptive to social interactions, empathy, and communication. b. Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS): The SNS is responsible for the “fight or flight” response. It prepares the body for action in response to perceived threats, leading to increased heart rate, muscle tension, and decreased social engagement. c. Dorsal Vagal Complex (DVC): The DVC is associated with immobilization and shutdown responses. When the DVC is activated, it can lead to behaviors like withdrawal, dissociation, and even fainting. It’s a protective response that can be triggered when an individual perceives overwhelming danger.

Hierarchy of Responses: According to Polyvagal Theory, our autonomic nervous system responds hierarchically, with the VVC being the most evolved and socially engaged, followed by the SNS’s “fight or flight” response, and finally the DVC’s shutdown response as the last resort.

Trauma and Regulation: The theory suggests that individuals who have experienced trauma or have difficulty regulating their autonomic responses may become stuck in SNS or DVC states, leading to emotional and social difficulties.

Polyvagal Theory has been influential in fields such as psychology, psychiatry, and therapy because it helps professionals understand how the nervous system responds to stress and trauma. It has also led to the development of therapeutic interventions aimed at promoting regulation and social engagement, especially in individuals who have experienced trauma or struggle with emotional and social challenges. Overall, the theory provides a valuable framework for understanding the connection between our physiological responses and our emotional and social experiences.

Shervan K Shahhian

Understanding Generational Healing Practices:

Generational healing practices, also known as ancestral or family healing, are therapeutic approaches that focus on addressing and resolving issues, traumas, or patterns of dysfunction that have been passed down through generations within a family or community. These practices are rooted in the belief that unresolved issues or traumas from past generations can affect the well-being of current and future generations. Generational healing aims to break these cycles and promote healing and growth.

Here are some key aspects and approaches related to generational healing practices:

1. Acknowledging Ancestral Influence: Generational healing begins with acknowledging that our ancestors’ experiences, traumas, and unresolved emotions can impact our lives. It’s based on the belief that emotional and psychological wounds can be inherited, leading to patterns of behavior, thought, or emotion that repeat across generations.
2. Healing the Family System: Generational healing often involves working with the entire family system rather than just the individual. Family dynamics, roles, and relationships are explored to identify patterns that may have originated in past generations.
3. Ancestral Clearing and Release: One common approach in generational healing is to engage in rituals, ceremonies, or therapeutic processes to release or clear the unresolved issues or energies associated with ancestral traumas. This may involve meditation, prayer, or other spiritual practices.
4. Family Constellations: Family constellations therapy is a popular modality within generational healing. In this approach, participants create a physical representation of their family system, and through guided exploration, they uncover hidden dynamics and find resolutions to ancestral issues.
5. Therapeutic Techniques: Traditional therapeutic techniques such as talk therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), or dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) can also be used in generational healing. These approaches help individuals understand and address inherited patterns and traumas.
6. Ancestral Rituals and Ceremonies: Many cultures around the world have their own ancestral rituals and ceremonies aimed at honoring and connecting with ancestors. These rituals can help individuals feel a sense of connection and healing with their ancestral lineage.
7. Epigenetics: Some scientific research suggests that trauma and stress experienced by ancestors can impact the expression of genes in subsequent generations. While this field of epigenetics is still developing, it aligns with the idea that ancestral experiences can influence our health and well-being.
8. Personal Growth and Transformation: Generational healing is not only about resolving past traumas but also about personal growth and transformation. By understanding and healing the past, individuals can break free from unhealthy patterns and lead more fulfilling lives.

It’s important to note that generational healing practices vary across cultures and belief systems. While some people find these practices to be deeply meaningful and beneficial, others may approach them with skepticism. The effectiveness of generational healing can depend on an individual’s willingness to explore their family history, work through their own issues, and seek guidance from trained therapists or healers.

Ultimately, generational healing practices aim to promote healing, resilience, and a sense of empowerment by addressing the intergenerational impact of trauma and dysfunction within families and communities.

Shervan K Shahhian

How we can best deal with traumatized and overwhelmed loved ones:
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​Supporting traumatized and overwhelmed loved ones requires patience, empathy, and a sensitive approach. Here are some steps you can take to help them:
Educate Yourself: Learn about trauma and its effects. Understanding the basics of trauma can help you be more compassionate and informed when dealing with your loved one.

Listen Actively: Encourage them to talk about their feelings and experiences, but don’t pressure them. Let them know you’re there to listen when they’re ready to share.

Create a Safe Space: Ensure that they feel safe and comfortable around you. Avoid judgment, criticism, or dismissing their feelings. Reassure them that you are there to support them, no matter what.

Respect Their Boundaries: Traumatized individuals may have specific triggers or boundaries. Respect their need for personal space or their limits on discussing the trauma.

Avoid Pushing for Details: Don’t push for specific details of their trauma if they’re not ready to share. Let them open up at their own pace.

Offer Emotional Support: Let them know you care by offering emotional support. Be present and empathetic, offering comfort when needed.

Encourage Professional Help: Suggest that they seek professional help if they haven’t already. Trauma often requires specialized therapy or counseling to process and heal.

Help with Practical Matters: Sometimes, overwhelmed individuals may struggle with everyday tasks. Offer to help with practical matters like cooking, cleaning, or running errands if they’re comfortable with it.

Self-Care: Encourage them to prioritize self-care, like exercise, proper nutrition, and adequate sleep. Offer to do these activities together when possible.

Be Patient: Healing from trauma takes time, and there may be setbacks. Be patient and understanding of their progress and emotions.

Offer Distractions: Sometimes, engaging in activities together can provide a welcome distraction from the overwhelming thoughts. Suggest activities they enjoy and participate with them.

Stay Connected: Trauma can lead to isolation. Continue to check in with your loved one regularly to let them know you’re there for them.

Support Groups: Encourage participation in support groups or connecting with others who have experienced similar traumas. This can help them feel less alone in their journey.

Know the Signs of Crisis: Familiarize yourself with the signs of a mental health crisis, such as suicidal thoughts, and have a plan in place for seeking immediate professional help if needed.

Take Care of Yourself: Supporting a traumatized loved one can be emotionally draining. Make sure you also prioritize your mental and emotional well-being and seek support for yourself if necessary.

Remember that every individual’s experience with trauma is unique, so what works for one person may not work for another. Be adaptable in your approach and continuously communicate with your loved one to understand their needs and preferences. If you’re unsure about how best to support them, consider seeking guidance from a mental health professional.
​Shervan K Shahhian

Trauma can be emotionally overwhelming:

Yes, trauma can be emotionally overwhelming. Trauma refers to an emotional response to a distressing or disturbing event that can have lasting effects on a person’s mental and emotional well-being. When someone experiences trauma, their emotional response can be intense and may include feelings of fear, helplessness, shock, anger, sadness, or even numbness.

The emotional overwhelm associated with trauma can be profound because it often involves a person’s sense of safety and security being shattered. Depending on the nature and severity of the traumatic event, individuals may struggle to cope with their emotions, leading to symptoms such as anxiety, depression, flashbacks, nightmares, and difficulty concentrating. They may also experience physical symptoms like racing heart, sweating, and trembling when reminded of the trauma.

It’s important for individuals who have experienced trauma to seek support from mental health professionals, friends, and family members. Therapy, counseling, and support groups can help individuals process their emotions, develop coping strategies, and work toward healing from the emotional overwhelm associated with trauma.

Shervan K Shahhian

Discovering Trauma Healing:
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​Discovering trauma healing is a deeply personal and often transformative journey. Trauma can result from a wide range of experiences, including but not limited to accidents, abuse, neglect, loss, and more. Healing from trauma involves understanding its impact on your life and taking steps to address it. Here are some steps and considerations for discovering trauma healing:

Self-awareness: The first step in healing from trauma is recognizing that you may be carrying unresolved pain and emotional wounds. Self-awareness allows you to acknowledge the presence of trauma and its effects on your life.

Seek professional help: Trauma can be complex, and it’s often beneficial to work with a qualified mental health professional, such as a therapist, counselor, or psychiatrist. They can provide guidance, support, and evidence-based treatments tailored to your specific needs.

Educate yourself: Learn about trauma and its effects on the mind and body. Understanding the science of trauma can help demystify your experiences and reduce self-blame.

Explore therapeutic approaches: There are various therapeutic approaches for trauma healing, including:

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR): Involves processing traumatic memories through guided eye movements.
Trauma-focused therapy: Tailored therapies designed specifically for trauma survivors.
Mindfulness and meditation: Practices that can help regulate emotions and reduce stress.
Yoga and body-based therapies: Incorporate movement and body awareness to release stored trauma.

Connect with support networks: Share your experiences with trusted friends and family members who can provide emotional support. Support groups, either in-person or online, can also be valuable in connecting with others who have experienced similar traumas.

Self-care: Prioritize self-care practices that promote physical and emotional well-being. This can include regular exercise, a balanced diet, adequate sleep, and relaxation techniques.

Journaling: Keeping a journal can be a helpful way to process your thoughts and emotions related to your trauma. Writing can provide insight and catharsis.

Art and creative expression: Engaging in creative activities like art, music, or dance can be a therapeutic outlet for processing and expressing emotions.

Patience and self-compassion: Healing from trauma is not a linear process, and it takes time. Be patient with yourself and practice self-compassion, acknowledging that healing is a journey with ups and downs.

Set boundaries: Establishing healthy boundaries in your relationships and daily life is crucial for your well-being. This can help protect you from re-traumatization and allow you to prioritize self-care.

Remember that healing from trauma is a unique process, and what works best for one person may not be the same for another. It’s essential to be open to exploring different approaches and finding what resonates with you. Seeking professional guidance is often a key component of trauma healing, as trained therapists can help you navigate the complexities of your unique journey.
​Shervan K Shahhian

How do our ancestors impact current struggles, emotions, limitations, and feelings of being stuck:
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​Our ancestors can have a profound impact on our current struggles, emotions, limitations, and feelings of being stuck through various psychological and sociocultural mechanisms. Here are some ways in which our ancestors can influence these aspects of our lives:

Genetic Inheritance: We inherit genes from our ancestors, which can influence our physical and mental health. Genetic predispositions to certain conditions or traits can affect our emotions and limitations. For example, a genetic predisposition to anxiety may make someone more prone to experiencing anxiety-related struggles and emotions.

Epigenetics: Epigenetic changes can be passed down through generations. These changes can influence gene expression and may play a role in the transmission of certain emotional and psychological traits. Traumatic experiences in one generation can sometimes lead to epigenetic changes that affect the emotional well-being of future generations.

Cultural and Familial Influence: Cultural and familial beliefs, values, and traditions are often passed down from ancestors. These can shape our worldview, beliefs about success and failure, and our emotional responses to various situations. For example, if your ancestors placed a strong emphasis on academic achievement, you may feel stuck or limited if you don’t meet certain educational goals.

Historical Trauma: Some groups of people have experienced historical trauma, such as slavery, colonization, or war. The collective trauma experienced by ancestors can be transmitted intergenerationally, leading to feelings of anger, grief, or oppression in current generations. This can impact mental health and contribute to struggles and feelings of being stuck.

Attachment Styles: Attachment styles, which influence how we form and maintain relationships, can be influenced by our early caregivers, who themselves were influenced by their own upbringing and ancestors. Insecure attachment styles can contribute to emotional struggles and difficulties in forming healthy relationships.

Cultural Norms and Expectations: Cultural norms and expectations that have been handed down through generations can shape our sense of identity and purpose. If these cultural norms conflict with our personal desires and aspirations, it can lead to feelings of being stuck or limited.

Transgenerational Patterns: Families often have recurring patterns of behavior and interaction that can be traced back through generations. These patterns can include dysfunctional coping mechanisms, communication styles, and conflict resolution strategies. Identifying and breaking these patterns can be challenging but is essential for personal growth and overcoming limitations.

Inherited Belief Systems: Ancestors’ belief systems and religious or spiritual practices can influence our own beliefs and values. If these beliefs do not align with our authentic selves, it can lead to inner conflict and emotional struggles.

Resilience and Strength: On a positive note, the resilience and strengths of our ancestors can inspire and empower us to overcome challenges. Learning about the perseverance and achievements of our forebears can provide a sense of motivation and resilience in the face of adversity.

In summary, our ancestors can impact our current struggles, emotions, limitations, and feelings of being stuck through a complex interplay of genetics, culture, history, and psychology. Understanding these influences can be a valuable part of personal growth and therapy, as it allows individuals to explore and potentially reshape their relationship with their ancestral heritage to achieve greater emotional well-being and personal fulfillment.
​Shervan K Shahhian

Discovering the unconventional origins and transmission of generational Trauma:

Generational trauma, also known as intergenerational or ancestral trauma, refers to the transmission of psychological and emotional wounds from one generation to the next. These wounds are often the result of significant historical events, experiences, or societal conditions that have a profound impact on a particular group of people. Understanding the unconventional origins and transmission of generational trauma requires delving into various aspects:

Historical Trauma:

Historical events, such as wars, genocides, forced migrations, and colonization, can leave deep scars on a community or ethnic group. The trauma experienced by one generation can be passed down to subsequent generations through stories, cultural practices, and behaviors.

Cultural and Societal Norms:

Cultural norms and values within a community can perpetuate trauma. For instance, a culture that stigmatizes mental health issues or encourages emotional suppression may hinder the healing process and contribute to the transmission of trauma.

Family Dynamics:

Trauma can be transmitted within families through various mechanisms, including parent-child relationships. Parents who have experienced trauma may unintentionally pass it on to their children through their parenting style, emotional availability, and behaviors.

Epigenetics:

Emerging research suggests that trauma can leave an epigenetic imprint on a person’s DNA. These epigenetic changes can potentially be passed down to future generations, influencing their susceptibility to stress and mental health issues.

Resilience and Coping Mechanisms:

While generational trauma is often associated with negative effects, it’s essential to acknowledge that communities also develop resilience and coping mechanisms in response to trauma. These strengths and survival strategies can be transmitted alongside the trauma itself.

Cultural Practices:

Some cultures have traditional practices and rituals for healing and processing trauma. However, these practices may not always be effective or accessible, leading to the perpetuation of trauma.

Repetition of Traumatic Patterns:

Individuals and communities may unknowingly repeat traumatic patterns from the past, perpetuating cycles of abuse, addiction, or dysfunctional behavior. Recognizing these patterns is crucial for breaking the cycle.

Lack of Awareness:

Generational trauma often remains unrecognized or unacknowledged, making it challenging to address and heal. Raising awareness within affected communities and providing resources for support is crucial.

Therapeutic Interventions:

Various therapeutic approaches, such as trauma-focused therapy and family counseling, can help individuals and families address and heal from generational trauma. These interventions aim to break the cycle of transmission.

Education and Advocacy:

Education and advocacy efforts can play a crucial role in addressing generational trauma. Promoting awareness, cultural sensitivity, and policy changes can help communities heal and prevent further trauma transmission.

Understanding the unconventional origins and transmission of generational trauma requires a multidisciplinary approach that incorporates historical analysis, psychology, sociology, genetics, and cultural studies. It also necessitates a commitment to healing, resilience-building, and breaking the cycle of trauma within affected communities.
Shervan K Shahhian

How can we heal generational wounds stored as difficult emotional experiences:
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​Healing generational wounds stored as difficult emotional experiences can be a complex and challenging process, but it is possible with patience, self-awareness, and the right support. These generational wounds often result from traumas, negative beliefs, or unhealthy patterns passed down through family lines. Here are some steps to help you address and heal these wounds:

Self-Awareness: Begin by acknowledging and understanding the generational wounds you carry. Reflect on your family history, patterns, and emotional experiences. Journaling or speaking with a therapist can help you gain clarity.

Seek Professional Help: Consider working with a therapist or counselor who specializes in trauma, family dynamics, or generational healing. They can provide guidance, support, and tools for addressing deep-seated emotional wounds.

Education and Understanding: Learn about the generational patterns and traumas in your family history. Understanding the context and origins of these wounds can help you make sense of your own experiences.

Emotional Processing: Allow yourself to feel and express the emotions associated with these wounds. This may involve grieving, anger, sadness, or other emotions. Repressed feelings can perpetuate generational wounds.

Mindfulness and Meditation: Mindfulness practices can help you become more aware of your emotional responses and allow you to observe them without judgment. Meditation can also promote emotional healing and self-compassion.

Inner Child Work: Explore the concept of your inner child, which represents the wounded, vulnerable part of you. Healing your inner child can be a powerful way to address generational wounds.

Family Communication: If possible and safe, engage in open and honest conversations with family members about your experiences and the generational patterns. Sharing your feelings and insights can promote healing and understanding.

Set Boundaries: Establish healthy boundaries with family members or situations that trigger your generational wounds. Learning to protect your emotional well-being is crucial in the healing process.

Forgiveness: Consider forgiving yourself and your ancestors for carrying these wounds. Forgiveness doesn’t mean condoning harmful actions but can release you from the burden of carrying anger and resentment.

Generational Healing Practices: Explore generational healing practices such as family constellations, ancestral lineage healing, or energy work. These modalities can provide alternative approaches to addressing generational wounds.

Self-Care: Prioritize self-care practices, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, adequate sleep, and stress management techniques. Physical well-being can significantly impact emotional healing.

Community and Support: Connect with support groups or communities that focus on generational healing. Sharing experiences with others who are on a similar journey can be empowering.

Remember that healing generational wounds is a gradual process, and it may require ongoing effort and self-compassion. It’s essential to be patient with yourself and seek professional help if you find the process overwhelming or too challenging to handle on your own. Healing generational wounds can lead to greater self-awareness, emotional well-being, and the breaking of unhealthy patterns for future generations.
​Shervan K Shahhian

What can we do about our traumas: 
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​Dealing with trauma is a complex and individualized process that may require professional guidance and support. Trauma can result from various experiences, such as accidents, abuse, violence, or natural disasters, and its effects can be long-lasting. Here are some steps and strategies you can consider for addressing trauma:

Seek professional help: A qualified therapist or counselor with experience in trauma can provide essential support. Therapy approaches like Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), or Trauma-focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) can be effective in addressing trauma.

Build a support system: Reach out to friends and family members who are understanding and empathetic. Sharing your experiences with trusted individuals can provide emotional support and validation.

Practice self-care: Prioritize self-care activities such as exercise, meditation, deep breathing, and relaxation techniques. These practices can help reduce stress and anxiety associated with trauma.

Educate yourself: Learn about trauma and its effects to better understand your experiences. Knowledge can empower you to cope more effectively.

Keep a journal: Writing about your thoughts and feelings can be therapeutic. It can help you process your emotions and track your progress over time.

Avoid self-medicating: Substance abuse or other destructive behaviors may provide temporary relief but can exacerbate trauma in the long run. Seek healthier ways to cope.

Establish routines: Creating a structured daily routine can provide stability and predictability, which may help you feel more in control.

Practice mindfulness: Mindfulness and meditation techniques can help you stay grounded in the present moment and reduce the intensity of traumatic memories.

Gradual exposure: Under the guidance of a therapist, you may engage in exposure therapy to face and process traumatic memories in a controlled and safe environment.

Medication: In some cases, medication prescribed by a psychiatrist can help manage symptoms of anxiety, depression, or other conditions related to trauma.

Join support groups: Participating in support groups for trauma survivors can provide a sense of community and understanding, helping you feel less isolated.

Forgiveness and self-compassion: Work on forgiving yourself for any perceived shortcomings and practice self-compassion. Healing from trauma takes time, and self-kindness is essential.

Set boundaries: Establish healthy boundaries with people and situations that trigger your trauma responses.

It’s important to note that healing from trauma is a gradual process, and there is no one-size-fits-all approach. What works best for you may depend on the nature of your trauma and your individual needs. If you’re struggling with trauma, consider seeking professional help as a crucial step in your journey toward recovery and healing.
​Shervan K Shahhian

Understanding the symptoms and signs of trauma:

Trauma can have a wide range of symptoms and signs, and they can vary significantly from person to person. Trauma is often a response to a distressing or disturbing event or series of events. It can be categorized into different types, including physical trauma (such as injuries) and psychological trauma (emotional or psychological distress). Here are some common symptoms and signs associated with psychological trauma:

Emotional Responses:

Flashbacks: Reliving the traumatic event(s) in your mind.
Intrusive Thoughts: Unwanted and distressing thoughts about the trauma.
Avoidance: Trying to avoid situations, people, or places that remind you of the trauma.
Numbing: Feeling emotionally detached, unable to experience joy, or a sense of being “numb.”
Irritability and Anger: Increased irritability, anger, or outbursts of frustration.
Anxiety and Fear: Persistent feelings of anxiety, fear, or panic attacks.
Depression: Prolonged sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in activities.
Guilt and Shame: Feelings of guilt or shame related to the trauma, even if it wasn’t your fault.

Physical Symptoms:

Sleep Disturbances: Difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing frequent nightmares.
Fatigue: Feeling constantly tired or fatigued.
Headaches and Muscle Tension: Frequent headaches, muscle aches, or tension in the body.
Changes in Appetite: Significant changes in eating habits, either overeating or undereating.
Gastrointestinal Problems: Digestive issues, stomachaches, or nausea.

Cognitive Symptoms:

Memory Problems: Difficulty concentrating or remembering things.
Negative Self-Beliefs: Developing negative beliefs about oneself, such as feeling worthless or unlovable.
Dissociation: Feeling disconnected from reality or your own body.
Hypervigilance: Being constantly on edge, alert to potential dangers.

Social and Interpersonal Symptoms:

Social Withdrawal: Isolating oneself from friends and family.
Relationship Problems: Difficulty in forming or maintaining relationships due to trust issues or emotional instability.
Avoidance of Conversations: Avoiding discussions about the traumatic event(s).

Behavioral Changes:

Substance Abuse: Turning to alcohol, drugs, or other substances as a way to cope.
Self-Harm: Engaging in self-destructive behaviors as a way to manage emotional pain.

It’s important to note that not everyone who experiences trauma will exhibit all of these symptoms, and the severity and duration of these symptoms can vary widely. Additionally, some individuals may not recognize that they are experiencing trauma or may suppress their emotions.

If you or someone you know is struggling with trauma, it’s crucial to seek help from a mental health professional who specializes in trauma treatment. Trauma therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and exposure therapy, can be effective in helping individuals cope with and recover from traumatic experiences.
​Shervan K Shahhian