Author Archives: Shervan K Shahhian, LIBERTY PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, The Most Comprehensive Online Library Regarding Mental Health, Psychology and Parapsychology in the World.

What is Attack therapy?

“Attack therapy” is a controversial form of therapy that involves aggressive or confrontational methods, often intended to shock or intimidate the person receiving the therapy. This type of therapy is not a recognized or legitimate form of therapy by the mainstream psychological community and is often considered unethical.

Some forms of attack therapy have been associated with physical abuse and even torture, and can cause lasting psychological harm to the person receiving the therapy. Examples of attack therapy include shouting at, insulting, or physically confronting the person being treated.

It is important to note that legitimate forms of therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy or psychodynamic therapy, do not use attack therapy methods. Instead, these forms of therapy are designed to help individuals overcome psychological issues in a safe, supportive, and ethical manner.

Shervan K Shahhian

What is Attachment-based psychotherapy?

Attachment-based psychotherapy is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on the importance of early relationships and attachments in shaping a person’s emotional and psychological development. This approach is based on the theory of attachment, which proposes that humans have an innate need for close emotional bonds with other people, especially with caregivers during childhood.

Attachment-based psychotherapy seeks to help individuals identify and understand the ways in which their early attachment experiences have influenced their emotional and relational patterns throughout their lives. The therapist works collaboratively with the client to explore their attachment history, emotional experiences, and relational patterns.

The therapy is typically goal-oriented, and the therapist may use a variety of techniques to help the client develop new ways of relating to others, improving their emotional regulation, and enhancing their overall well-being. Techniques may include exploring the client’s internal working models of relationships, mindfulness exercises, communication and interpersonal skills training, and building self-compassion and self-awareness.

Attachment-based psychotherapy has been used to treat a range of mental health issues, including anxiety, depression, personality disorders, and trauma-related disorders. The approach is often used with individuals, couples, and families, and is often integrated with other forms of psychotherapy or treatment modalities.

Shervan K Shahhian

What is Attachment therapy? Attachment therapy is a controversial and largely discredited approach to treating children with behavioral and emotional problems, particularly those who have experienced early childhood trauma, neglect, or abuse. It is based on the theory that insecure attachment is the root cause of many psychological and behavioral issues, and that by forming a strong attachment between the child and a therapist or caregiver, the child’s emotional and behavioral problems can be resolved. Attachment therapy can take many different forms, but some of the most common techniques include holding therapy, where the child is physically restrained and held by a therapist or caregiver; rebirthing therapy, where the child is wrapped in blankets and encouraged to struggle and “rebirth” themselves; and rage reduction therapy, where the child is encouraged to express their anger and frustration in a controlled environment. However, attachment therapy has been widely criticized by mental health professionals and child welfare experts, who argue that many of the techniques used in this type of therapy are dangerous and can cause physical and emotional harm to the child. There have been numerous cases of children dying or being seriously injured during attachment therapy sessions, and as a result, many states in the US have banned or heavily regulated this type of therapy.

Shervan K Shahhian

What is Autogenic training?

Autogenic training is a relaxation technique that involves a series of exercises aimed at inducing a state of deep relaxation and reducing stress and anxiety. It was developed by German psychiatrist Johannes Heinrich Schultz in the 1920s.

The technique involves focusing on different sensations in the body, such as warmth, heaviness, and relaxation, and imagining those sensations spreading throughout the body. Through this process, the person aims to bring their body into a state of deep relaxation.

Autogenic training typically involves a series of six exercises, each focusing on a different sensation and part of the body. The exercises may be practiced lying down or sitting comfortably, and the person is usually instructed to repeat a series of phrases or visualizations that help to induce the desired sensations.

Autogenic training has been used to treat a variety of conditions, including anxiety, insomnia, and chronic pain. It is generally considered safe and non-invasive, and can be practiced by individuals of all ages and abilities. However, it is important to note that autogenic training should not be used as a substitute for medical treatment or therapy.

Shervan K Shahhian

What is Aversion therapy?

Aversion therapy is a form of behavioral therapy that aims to reduce or eliminate undesirable behaviors by pairing them with unpleasant stimuli or experiences. This technique is based on the principle of classical conditioning, which suggests that people can learn to associate certain behaviors with negative consequences, leading to a decrease in the frequency or intensity of those behaviors over time.

During aversion therapy, a therapist may use a variety of techniques to create an aversive stimulus or experience that is unpleasant or uncomfortable for the individual. For example, a therapist might administer a mild electric shock, provide an unpleasant odor or taste, or ask the individual to engage in a behavior that is humiliating or embarrassing.

The goal of aversion therapy is to create a negative association between the unwanted behavior and the unpleasant stimulus, thereby reducing the likelihood of the behavior occurring again in the future. Aversion therapy has been used to treat a range of conditions, including substance abuse, phobias, and compulsive behaviors. However, it is important to note that aversion therapy can be controversial and may not be appropriate or effective for everyone.

Shervan K Shahhian

What is Evolutionary psychology? Evolutionary psychology is a branch of psychology that attempts to explain human behavior and cognition by drawing on principles of evolution. It is based on the idea that many of our cognitive and behavioral traits have evolved over time as adaptations to the challenges faced by our ancestors. Evolutionary psychology seeks to understand how natural selection has shaped the human mind and behavior, and how these traits have been passed down from one generation to the next. It explores questions such as why humans have certain emotions, why we form social bonds, and why we have certain cognitive biases. Evolutionary psychology draws on a range of disciplines, including psychology, biology, anthropology, and neuroscience, to develop theories about human behavior. Its proponents argue that understanding our evolutionary history is essential to understanding the workings of the human mind and the causes of our behavior. However, the field has also been subject to criticism for over-generalizing about the role of evolution in human behavior, and for its potential to reinforce stereotypes about gender and other social groups.

Shervan K Shahhian

What is Behavioral activation?
Behavioral activation is a type of psychotherapy that aims to increase positive behaviors and decrease negative behaviors that contribute to depression, anxiety, and other psychological disorders. This therapy is based on the idea that depression and other disorders are caused by a lack of positive reinforcement in one’s life, leading to a reduction in pleasurable activities and an increase in avoidance and negative thinking.
The goal of behavioral activation is to help individuals identify activities that are pleasurable and meaningful to them, and to gradually increase engagement in those activities. This can involve scheduling enjoyable activities, setting goals, and breaking tasks down into smaller, manageable steps. By engaging in positive behaviors, individuals can experience a sense of accomplishment and enjoyment, which can help to counteract negative thinking patterns and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Behavioral activation is often used as part of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and other evidence-based treatments for depression and anxiety. It can be administered by a trained mental health professional or in self-help format.
Shervan K Shahhian

What is Behavior modification?

Behavior modification refers to a systematic approach to changing or modifying a person’s behavior through various techniques and principles of psychology. The goal of behavior modification is to encourage positive behaviors while discouraging negative behaviors.

The process of behavior modification usually involves setting specific goals, monitoring behavior, analyzing the behavior to identify its triggers and consequences, and developing and implementing a plan to modify the behavior. This plan may involve positive reinforcement, punishment, or other behavioral techniques.

Behavior modification is commonly used in various settings, including schools, workplaces, and clinical settings, to address a range of behavioral issues such as addiction, anxiety, depression, and phobias. It is also used to promote healthy behaviors, such as exercise and healthy eating, and to improve performance in sports and other activities.

Shervan K Shahhian

What is Behavior therapy? Behavior therapy is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on identifying and changing negative or maladaptive behaviors. It is based on the idea that behaviors are learned, and therefore, can be unlearned or modified through a variety of techniques.

The main goal of behavior therapy is to help individuals develop more positive and adaptive behaviors that can improve their overall functioning and quality of life. This therapy approach emphasizes the importance of identifying specific, measurable goals, and using evidence-based strategies to achieve them.

Behavior therapy techniques may include:

Systematic desensitization: This technique involves gradually exposing individuals to situations that trigger anxiety or fear, while teaching them relaxation techniques to manage their emotional responses.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): This therapy approach helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns and beliefs that contribute to their negative behaviors.

Behavioral activation: This technique aims to increase positive behaviors by identifying and reinforcing activities that bring enjoyment and a sense of accomplishment.

Token economy: This technique involves providing rewards or tokens for positive behaviors, which can be exchanged for privileges or other rewards.

Behavior therapy has been used to treat a wide range of mental health conditions, including anxiety disorders, depression, substance use disorders, and eating disorders. It is often used in combination with other therapies, such as medication management, to provide a comprehensive treatment approach.

Shervan K Shahhian

What is Bibliotherapy? Bibliotherapy is a type of therapy that involves the use of books, articles, poems, or other written materials to help individuals deal with emotional or psychological difficulties. The term “bibliotherapy” was coined in 1916 by Samuel McChord Crothers, an American essayist and Unitarian minister.

The goal of bibliotherapy is to help individuals improve their mental health and well-being by reading and reflecting on written materials that address their specific issues or concerns. This can include self-help books, memoirs, novels, poetry, or other forms of literature.

Bibliotherapy can be used to treat a wide range of mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and addiction. It can also be used as a tool for personal growth and self-improvement.

Bibliotherapy can be used in a variety of settings, including individual therapy sessions, group therapy sessions, and self-help groups. It can be used as a stand-alone treatment or as a supplement to other forms of therapy.

Overall, bibliotherapy is a creative and effective way to help individuals improve their mental health and well-being by engaging with written materials that resonate with their personal experiences and struggles.

Shervan K Shahhian