Tag Archives: autism

The problem with diagnosing each other with Autism and ADHD:

The problem with diagnosing each other with Autism and ADHD:

Great question — and a really important one in our current cultural moment where self-diagnosis and peer-diagnosis are common online and in everyday conversations.

There are several issues that come up when people start diagnosing each other (or themselves) with Autism or ADHD without professional training:

1. Oversimplification of Complex Conditions

Autism and ADHD are neurodevelopmental disorders with wide spectrums. The DSM-5 criteria involve more than just being “quirky” or “hyper.” These conditions affect multiple areas of life: social functioning, sensory processing, executive function, attention regulation, and more. Reducing them to a few relatable traits does a disservice to people who are significantly impacted.

2. Pathologizing Normal Behavior

It’s easy to mistake normal human variation — such as introversion, distractibility under stress, or high energy — for a disorder. Diagnosing someone casually risks turning everyday personality traits into medical labels.

3. Self-fulfilling Labels & Identity Fusion

Labels can stick. When someone is told “you seem autistic” or “you’re so ADHD,” they may internalize that identity — especially in formative years or moments of vulnerability. This can narrow their self-concept, change their behavior, or even increase symptoms through confirmation bias.

4. Misinformation & TikTok Psychology

On social media, complex conditions are often turned into bite-sized symptom lists like:

“If you like organizing your bookshelf a certain way — you might be

autistic!”

These oversimplified “tests” can be misleading and feed into a culture of misdiagnosis or trivialization of real challenges people face.

5. Stigma and Harm to Real Diagnosis

When the language of diagnosis becomes casual, it can lead to people not taking actual diagnoses seriously, and also marginalizes individuals who truly need accommodations and support. It can also lead to skepticism from professionals, making it harder for legitimately neurodivergent individuals to be believed or supported.

6. Missed Alternative Explanations

A person might struggle with focus not because of ADHD, but because of anxiety, trauma, poor sleep, thyroid issues, or stress. Assuming a diagnosis without a full assessment can cause someone to miss the real root of their difficulties.

Better Alternatives:

Psychoeducation: Learn about neurodivergence from reputable sources.

Encourage professional assessment rather than labeling others.

Be supportive and validating without trying to “name” what someone is going through.

Use descriptive language (“You seem overwhelmed in loud places”) instead of diagnostic labels.

Shervan K Shahhian

Adult Diagnoses of ADHD:

Adult Diagnoses of ADHD:

Adult ADHD (Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can persist from childhood into adulthood.

It may present differently in adults compared to children. Symptoms in adults can include:

Inattention:

Difficulty focusing or following through with tasks.
Frequently losing items.
Easily distracted by external stimuli or internal thoughts.
Forgetfulness, especially with appointments, responsibilities, or deadlines.
Impulsivity:

Making decisions without fully thinking them through.
Interrupting others in conversations.
Difficulty waiting for one’s turn in situations.
Impulsive spending or risky behaviors.
Hyperactivity (can be less noticeable in adults but still present):

Feeling restless or fidgety.
Difficulty relaxing or sitting still for long periods.
A constant sense of urgency or being “on the go.”
Disorganization:

Struggling to manage time effectively or maintain a routine.
Difficulty completing tasks or keeping track of multiple projects.
Trouble with prioritizing tasks or following through on commitments.
Emotional dysregulation:

Difficulty managing stress or frustration.
Mood swings or irritability.
Feeling overwhelmed by demands and responsibilities.
Chronic procrastination:

Putting off tasks until the last minute.
Trouble initiating or completing tasks on time.
Difficulty with relationships:

Trouble maintaining steady relationships due to impulsivity, inattention, or emotional volatility.
In adults, ADHD can be mistaken for other conditions like anxiety, depression, or sleep disorders, and it can sometimes be missed in childhood. Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive assessment by a mental health professional, who will look at symptoms, medical history, and impact on daily life.

If an adult suspects they have ADHD, seeking an evaluation from a healthcare provider, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, is important for a proper diagnosis and potential treatment plan.

Shervan K Shahhian

Shervan K Shahhian

Pushing against your Natural Neurotype, what does that mean:

Pushing against your natural neurotype, what does that mean:

The concept of “pushing against your natural neurotype” refers to the idea of going against the inherent tendencies or preferences of your neurological or cognitive makeup. Neurotype generally refers to the unique way in which an individual’s brain functions, including cognitive strengths, weaknesses, and natural inclinations.

When someone talks about pushing against their natural neurotype, they might be referring to intentionally challenging or resisting their default ways of thinking, learning, or behaving. This could involve stepping out of one’s comfort zone, trying activities that don’t align with their typical preferences, or adopting cognitive strategies that may not come naturally.

The goal of pushing against your natural neurotype can vary. It might be a strategy for personal growth, learning, or adapting to new situations. By consciously engaging in activities or thought processes that go against the grain of one’s natural tendencies, individuals may discover new skills, develop flexibility, and broaden their perspectives.

It’s important to note that while pushing against one’s natural neurotype can be a valuable tool for growth, it’s also crucial to understand and appreciate one’s inherent strengths and preferences. Striking a balance between challenging oneself and leveraging natural inclinations can lead to a more well-rounded and adaptable approach to life and learning.

Shervan K Shahhian

What are some of the major challenges for Autistic adults:

What are some of the major challenges for autistic adults:

Autistic adults may face various challenges in different aspects of their lives. It’s important to note that challenges can vary widely among individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to the spectrum’s diverse nature.

Here are some common challenges that autistic adults may encounter:

Social Interaction and Communication: Difficulties in social communication and interaction can lead to challenges in forming and maintaining relationships. Autistic adults may struggle with non-verbal cues, making small talk, and understanding social nuances.

Employment: Finding and maintaining employment can be challenging for autistic adults. Difficulties may arise in job interviews, navigating workplace social dynamics, adapting to changes in routines, and handling sensory sensitivities in work environments.

Independent Living: Some autistic adults may face challenges in managing daily living tasks independently, such as cooking, cleaning, budgeting, and organizing their living space.

Sensory Sensitivities: Many autistic individuals experience heightened sensitivities to sensory stimuli, such as lights, sounds, textures, or smells. This can make it challenging to navigate environments that may be overwhelming.

Mental Health: Autistic adults may be at an increased risk of mental health conditions, such as anxiety, depression, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which can further complicate daily life.

Executive Functioning: Difficulties in executive functioning, which includes skills like planning, organizing, and managing time, can pose challenges in various areas of life, including work, education, and personal responsibilities.

Advocacy and Self-Advocacy: Advocating for one’s needs and rights can be challenging for some autistic adults. Developing self-advocacy skills is important for navigating educational, workplace, and healthcare settings.

Isolation and Loneliness: Social challenges may lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness. Autistic adults may struggle to connect with others who may not understand their unique perspectives and experiences.

Transitions and Change: Difficulty with transitions and unexpected changes can be a significant challenge. Sudden changes in routine or environment may cause stress and anxiety.

Healthcare Access: Accessing appropriate healthcare services can be challenging due to communication barriers, sensory sensitivities, and a lack of understanding about autism among healthcare professionals.

It’s essential to recognize that autistic individuals have diverse strengths and abilities, and with the right support and accommodations, many can lead fulfilling and successful lives. Tailored interventions, understanding, and acceptance can contribute significantly to overcoming these challenges.

Shervan K Shahhian

Autistic adults could be dealing with anxiety, depression, and some other common Mental Health conditions:

Autistic adults could be dealing with anxiety, depression, and some other common Mental Health conditions:

Yes, autistic adults can experience a range of mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, and other common mental health challenges. The prevalence of co-occurring mental health conditions among autistic individuals is higher compared to the general population. Several factors contribute to this increased risk, including social and communication difficulties, sensory sensitivities, challenges in navigating social environments, and the potential for misunderstanding or lack of support.

Anxiety is a common issue for many autistic adults, often stemming from difficulties in social interactions, sensory overload, or changes in routine. Depression can also be a concern, as individuals may face challenges related to social isolation, discrimination, or difficulty in expressing their needs and emotions.

It’s crucial to recognize and address the mental health needs of autistic individuals in a way that considers their unique experiences and challenges. Providing tailored support, understanding sensory sensitivities, and promoting inclusive environments can contribute to better mental health outcomes for autistic adults. Additionally, mental health professionals with expertise in autism can play a key role in providing effective and empathetic care.

Shervan K Shahhian

What are the common strengths of Autistic people:

What are the common strengths of autistic people:

Autistic individuals often possess a unique set of strengths and abilities. It’s important to note that strengths can vary widely among individuals, and not every autistic person will have the same characteristics.

Some common strengths associated with autism include:

Detail-oriented thinking: Autistic individuals often excel in paying attention to details and noticing patterns that others might overlook. This can be beneficial in various fields such as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).

Intense focus: Many autistic individuals can concentrate deeply on a specific task or area of interest, leading to a high level of expertise in particular subjects.

Logical reasoning: Autistic individuals may demonstrate strong logical thinking and problem-solving skills. They may approach challenges in a systematic and analytical manner.

Creativity: Some autistic individuals exhibit a high degree of creativity, whether it be in the arts, writing, or problem-solving. Their unique perspectives can contribute to innovative ideas and solutions.

Memory skills: Autistic individuals may have excellent memory recall for specific details or information, which can be advantageous in academic and professional settings.

Honesty and integrity: Many autistic individuals value honesty and straightforward communication. They may have a strong sense of integrity and be reliable in their interactions.

Deep passion and commitment: Autistic individuals often have intense interests and passions. When they find a subject or activity they enjoy, they may demonstrate exceptional dedication and enthusiasm.

Loyalty: Autistic individuals can be highly loyal to their friends and family. Once they form strong connections, they may maintain these relationships with great loyalty and commitment.

Non-conformity and innovation: Autistic individuals may think outside the box and challenge conventional ideas. This can lead to innovative thinking and problem-solving.

Attention to routine and structure: While routines and predictability can be challenging for some, others find comfort and stability in routine. This trait can contribute to reliability and consistency in various aspects of life.

It’s important to recognize and appreciate these strengths, as they can contribute positively to both individual success and the broader community. Embracing neurodiversity fosters a more inclusive and understanding society that values the unique qualities of each person.

Shervan K Shahhian

Societal challenges for autistic people, what are they:

Societal challenges for autistic people, what are they:

Autistic individuals often face various societal challenges that can impact their well-being and overall quality of life.

It’s important to note that experiences can vary widely among individuals, and not all autistic people will encounter the same challenges. Some common societal challenges for autistic individuals include:

Social Stigma and Misunderstanding:

  • Stigma: Autistic individuals may face stigma and negative stereotypes, leading to social isolation and discrimination.
  • Misunderstanding: Lack of awareness and understanding about autism can result in misconceptions and judgments from others.

Social Interaction Difficulties:

  • Communication Challenges: Autistic individuals may struggle with nonverbal cues, making it challenging to navigate social interactions effectively.
  • Difficulty Reading Social Cues: Difficulty interpreting social cues and understanding unwritten social rules can lead to misunderstandings and exclusion.

Education and Employment Barriers:

  • Educational Challenges: Autistic individuals may face difficulties in traditional educational settings due to differences in learning styles and sensory sensitivities.
  • Employment Discrimination: There can be barriers to finding and maintaining employment due to misconceptions about the capabilities of autistic individuals.

Sensory Sensitivities:

  • Overstimulation: Sensory sensitivities may result in discomfort or anxiety in environments with bright lights, loud noises, or strong smells, making it challenging to participate in certain activities.

Limited Access to Support Services:

  • Limited Resources: Access to appropriate healthcare, therapy, and support services may be limited, depending on geographic location, financial resources, and other factors.

Bullying and Victimization:

  • Bullying: Autistic individuals may be more susceptible to bullying due to differences in social behavior, communication, or interests.
  • Exploitation: Some individuals may be vulnerable to exploitation or abuse due to challenges in recognizing and responding to social cues.

Transition to Adulthood:

  • Independence Challenges: Transitioning to adulthood can be particularly challenging, with issues related to independent living, employment, and social relationships.

Legal and Advocacy Issues:

  • Legal Protections: Some autistic individuals may face challenges in asserting their legal rights, and there may be gaps in legal protections against discrimination.
  • Advocacy: Advocating for one’s needs and rights can be challenging, especially for those who struggle with self-advocacy.

Mental Health Issues:

  • Co-occurring Conditions: Autistic individuals may be more prone to co-occurring mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression.

Addressing these challenges requires a multi-faceted approach, including increased awareness, education, societal acceptance, and the development of support systems tailored to the unique needs of autistic individuals. Additionally, promoting neurodiversity and recognizing the strengths and contributions of autistic individuals can contribute to a more inclusive society.

Shervan K Shahhian

Can Mental Health professionals provide more effective treatment options to autistic adults for common mental health conditions:

Can Mental Health professionals provide more effective treatment options to autistic adults for common mental health conditions:

Mental health professionals can indeed provide effective treatment options for common mental health conditions in autistic adults. However, it’s important to approach this with an understanding of the unique needs and characteristics of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Specialized Training: Mental health professionals who have received specialized training in working with autistic individuals are better equipped to understand the nuances of how ASD can intersect with mental health conditions. This training helps them tailor therapeutic approaches to the specific needs of autistic adults.

Individualized Approaches: Autistic individuals may have sensory sensitivities, communication differences, and social challenges that require a more individualized approach to therapy. Mental health professionals can adapt evidence-based therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), to better suit the individual’s communication and sensory preferences.

Collaboration with Multidisciplinary Teams: Collaboration with other professionals, such as speech therapists, occupational therapists, and behavioral specialists, can enhance the overall treatment plan for autistic adults. A multidisciplinary approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the individual’s strengths and challenges.

Mindfulness and Social Skills Training: Many autistic adults may benefit from mindfulness practices and social skills training to navigate social situations and manage anxiety. Mental health professionals can incorporate these techniques into their therapeutic interventions.

Psychoeducation for Autistic Individuals and Caregivers: Providing psychoeducation to both the autistic individual and their caregivers is crucial. This includes helping them understand the interplay between autism and mental health conditions, as well as teaching coping strategies and communication skills.

Flexible Communication Styles: Adapting communication styles to the preferences of the autistic individual is important. This may involve using visual aids, written instructions, or other non-verbal forms of communication to enhance understanding and engagement.

Addressing Co-occurring Conditions: Many autistic adults may experience co-occurring conditions, such as anxiety, depression, or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Mental health professionals should be skilled in identifying and addressing these coexisting conditions to provide comprehensive treatment.

Respecting Neurodiversity: Recognizing and respecting neurodiversity is a fundamental aspect of working with autistic individuals. Mental health professionals can foster a positive and accepting therapeutic environment that celebrates the strengths and uniqueness of each individual.

In summary, mental health professionals can provide effective treatment options for common mental health conditions in autistic adults by tailoring their approaches, collaborating with other professionals, and recognizing the importance of neurodiversity. Ongoing research and continued professional development in the field of autism and mental health are essential to improving the quality of care for autistic individuals.

Shervan K Shahhian

Is Autism the same as Intellectual Disabilities (I.D.):

Is Autism the same as Intellectual Disabilities (I.D.):

No, autism and intellectual disabilities are not the same, although they can coexist in some individuals. Autism, or autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. People with autism may have a wide range of abilities and characteristics, and it is often referred to as a spectrum because of the variability in symptoms and functioning.

Intellectual disabilities, on the other hand, involve limitations in intellectual functioning (such as reasoning, learning, problem-solving) and adaptive behaviors (the ability to function in daily life). Intellectual disabilities are typically diagnosed based on an individual’s intellectual quotient (IQ) and their ability to perform daily tasks.

While some individuals with autism may also have intellectual disabilities, many others have average or above-average intelligence. The coexistence of autism and intellectual disabilities is known as comorbidity, but it’s important to recognize that these are distinct conditions with their own unique features and diagnostic criteria.

Shervan K Shahhian

Is Intellectual Disabilities (I.D.) different than Mental Retardation (M.R.):

Is Intellectual Disabilities (I.D.) different than Mental Retardation (M.R.):

The terminology used to describe cognitive impairments has evolved over time, and there have been changes in how these conditions are labeled. In the past, “mental retardation” was a commonly used term to refer to intellectual disabilities. However, in recent years, there has been a shift towards using more respectful and inclusive language.

Intellectual disabilities are a broad category that encompasses limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. This term is now preferred over “mental retardation” due to the negative connotations associated with the latter.

Intellectual disabilities can manifest in difficulties with reasoning, problem-solving, learning, and adapting to daily life. Adaptive behavior refers to the social and practical skills necessary for everyday functioning.

In summary, intellectual disabilities is the more contemporary and respectful term used to describe limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, while “mental retardation” is an outdated and less preferred term that has been largely replaced in professional and clinical settings.

Shervan K Shahhian