Category Archives: Uncategorized

Self-loathing may be a deep and persistent feeling of dislike toward oneself:

Self-Loathing may be a deep, persistent feeling of dislike, contempt, shame, or even hatred toward oneself. It goes beyond ordinary self-criticism: instead of thinking “I made a mistake,” a person may conclude “There is something fundamentally wrong with me.”

Common features of self-loathing

Harsh self-criticism: “I’m stupid,” “I always mess things up.”

Shame: Feeling fundamentally defective, bad, unworthy, or unacceptable.

Self-rejection: Difficulty accepting oneself, including one’s appearance, personality, history, or limitations.

Negative self-comparison: Assuming other people are better, more attractive, successful, or deserving.

Difficulty accepting compliments: Positive feedback may feel undeserved or unbelievable.

Rumination: Repeatedly replaying mistakes, failures, or perceived shortcomings.

Self-sabotage: Undermining relationships, opportunities, or personal goals because of beliefs such as “I don’t deserve good things.”

Social withdrawal: Avoiding others because of fear of rejection or exposure.

Difficulty with self-compassion: Treating oneself much more harshly than one would treat another person.

Self-criticism vs. self-loathing

A useful distinction could be:

Healthy self-reflection:“I handled that situation poorly. What can I learn from it?”

Harsh self-criticism:“I really screwed that up. I should have done better.”

Self-loathing: “I’m a terrible person. I always ruin everything. I don’t deserve to feel good about myself.”

The key difference is that self-criticism focuses on behavior, while self-loathing tends to attack the person’s entire identity and worth.

Where can it come from?

Self-loathing may develop through repeated experiences such as chronic criticism, rejection, bullying, abuse, neglect, traumatic experiences, unrealistic standards, perfectionism, or persistent experiences of failure or shame. It may also become intertwined with depression, anxiety, trauma related difficulties, eating disorders, or other psychological problems, but self-loathing itself may not be a diagnosis.

A psychological cycle

A common cycle may look like:

Negative experience, self-blame, shame, self-loathing, withdrawal/avoidance, reduced opportunities for positive experiences, more negative beliefs about oneself.

One important therapeutic goal is therefore not simply to replace “I hate myself” with “I love myself.” For many people, a more realistic starting point is:

“I can acknowledge my flaws and mistakes without concluding that I am worthless.”

That shift, from self-condemnation to self-compassion and realistic self-acceptance, may be psychologically significant.

Shervan K Shahhian

Self-Rejection may be the psychological process of judging, criticizing, or emotionally pushing away parts of yourself:

Self-rejection is the psychological process of judging, criticizing, or emotionally pushing away parts of yourself that you believe are unacceptable, inadequate, flawed, or unworthy of acceptance.

In simple terms, it is an internal message such as:

“There is something wrong with me, and I don’t fully accept myself because of it.”

Common forms of self-rejection

Self-rejection may appear in several ways:

Negative self-talk: “I’m stupid,” “I’m a failure,” or “I’ll never be good enough.”

Shame: Feeling that you are not merely doing something wrong, but that you are wrong or defective.

Body rejection: Disliking or feeling disgust toward aspects of one’s appearance.

Emotional rejection: Criticizing yourself for having feelings such as anger, sadness, fear, or vulnerability.

Rejection of personal needs: Feeling guilty for needing help, affection, rest, attention, or support.

Identity rejection: Suppressing parts of yourself because you believe they will be judged or rejected by others.

Perfectionism: Believing that you must achieve exceptionally high standards before you deserve self-respect.

Self-sabotage: Acting in ways that reinforce an underlying belief that you don’t deserve success, love, or happiness.

Where can self-rejection come from?

Self-rejection may develop through experiences such as:

Childhood criticism, rejection or conditional acceptance, shame, negative core beliefs, self-criticism, self-rejection

For example: a child who repeatedly hears “You’re never good enough” may eventually internalize that message. As an adult, the original external critic may become an internal critic.

Other contributors may include:

Bullying or social rejection

Emotional neglect

Trauma

Abusive or highly critical relationships

Unrealistic cultural or social standards

Chronic comparison with others

Perfectionism

Repeated failures or humiliating experiences

Body dissatisfaction

Depression and anxiety

Self-rejection vs. healthy self-reflection

These are very different.

Healthy self-reflection:

“I made a mistake. What can I learn from it?”

Self-rejection:

“I made a mistake because I’m a worthless person.”

Healthy self-reflection evaluates behavior. Self-rejection often attacks identity.

A particularly important concept

Self-rejection may become a self-reinforcing cycle:

Negative belief about self,

Self-criticism,

Shame and emotional pain,

Avoidance, withdrawal, or self-sabotage,

Experiences interpreted as evidence that the negative belief is true,

Stronger self-rejection.

One of the central goals of psychotherapy may not be to convince someone that they are perfect, but to help them develop self-acceptance, self-compassion, realistic self-appraisal, and the ability to separate their worth as a person from their mistakes or perceived shortcomings.

In one sentence:

Self-rejection may be the internalized rejection of oneself, often expressed through shame, harsh self-criticism, feelings of inadequacy, or the belief that one is fundamentally unworthy of acceptance or love.

Shervan K Shahhian

“Maxxing Culture” could be a contemporary internet culture centered :

“Maxxing Culture” could be a contemporary internet culture centered on the idea of maximizing or optimizing some aspect of yourself, appearance, fitness, productivity, money, status, relationships, or even mental performance.

The suffix “-maxxing” essentially means taking something to its perceived maximum. The language grew partly out of gaming terminology such as min maxing and later became strongly associated with online looksmaxxing communities.

Examples of possible “maxxing”

  • Looksmaxxing: maximizing physical attractiveness
  • Gymmaxxing: maximizing physique and muscular development
  • Moneymaxxing: maximizing income or financial status
  • Productivitymaxxing: optimizing work and productivity
  • Sleepmaxxing: trying to optimize sleep
  • Healthmaxxing: maximizing health and physical performance
  • Socialmaxxing: maximizing social status or interpersonal success

The mental health issue

There is an important distinction between healthy self-improvement and maxxing culture.

Healthy self-improvement may say:

“How can I become healthier, happier, and more capable?”

Maxxing culture can gradually become:

“I am not good enough unless I optimize myself.”

That shift may turn self-improvement into compulsive self-optimization. Social media may intensify the process through constant comparison, idealized images, ranking, and algorithmically reinforced content. Recent psychological commentary has connected extreme forms of looksmaxxing with unstable self-esteem, anxiety, body dissatisfaction, and self-rejection.

A useful psychological formulation

You may think of maxxing culture as:

Self-improvement, optimization, comparison, perfectionism, self-surveillance

The danger may be that the individual begins to experience the self as a project that is never finished.

Instead of “I want to improve myself,” the underlying psychological message becomes:

“I must continually upgrade myself to be worthy, attractive, successful, or socially acceptable.”

This makes maxxing culture particularly interesting from the perspectives of self-esteem, perfectionism, social comparison, body image, identity, and compulsive behavior.

And importantly, not every use of “-maxxing” is serious or harmful. Online, the term is also used humorously for example, someone might jokingly say they are “coffee-maxxing.” The concern arises when optimization becomes obsessive or one’s self-worth becomes dependent on achieving an ever moving ideal.

Shervan K Shahhian

The Mind’s Reward System may be a network of brain structures and neurotransmitters:

“PLEASE, CONSULT WITH A NEUROLOGIST.”

The mind’s reward system may be a network of brain structures and neurotransmitters that helps us learn what is valuable, motivating, pleasurable, or worth repeating.

What is the reward system?

        “PLEASE, CONSULT WITH A NEUROLOGIST.”

The reward system may often be called the brain’s motivational and reinforcement system. It may help answer questions such as:

  • “Do I want this?”
  • “Was that experience rewarding?”
  • “Should I do this again?”
  • “How much effort is this worth?”

A major neurotransmitter may be involved is dopamine. Importantly, dopamine may not simply the brain’s “pleasure chemical.” It is heavily involved in motivation, learning, anticipation, attention, and reinforcement.

How the reward cycle works

A simplified sequence is:

Cue, Anticipation, Motivation, Behavior, Reward, Learning

For example:

You see a notification on your phone, anticipate something interesting, feel motivated to check it, open the app, receive an enjoyable message, your brain learns that checking notifications may be worth repeating.

The next time you see the notification, the anticipation itself may become motivating.

Possible, Key brain structures

        “PLEASE, CONSULT WITH A NEUROLOGIST.”

Brain areaGeneral role
Ventral tegmental area (VTA)Important source of dopamine neurons
Nucleus accumbensMotivation, reinforcement, reward related learning
Prefrontal cortexPlanning, decision making, impulse control
AmygdalaEmotional significance and learning
HippocampusMemory and contextual associations
Orbitofrontal cortexEvaluating reward value and changing preferences

One possible, important pathway may be the mesolimbic dopamine pathway, that could involve dopamine signaling from the VTA toward areas including the nucleus accumbens.

Reward vs. pleasure

A useful mental health distinction could be:

“Wanting” not “Liking.”

  “PLEASE, CONSULT WITH A NEUROLOGIST.”

You may strongly want something without actually enjoying it very much once you obtain it.

This distinction becomes particularly important in addiction. Repeated exposure to a substance or behavior may cause the brain’s motivational system to become strongly associated with particular cues. A person may experience powerful craving and incentive motivation even when the actual pleasure produced by the substance has diminished.

Addiction and the reward system

In substance use disorders, the reward system may become involved in a cycle such as:

Substance, reward/reinforcement, learning, cue association, craving, repeated use

Over time, environmental cues, people, places, emotions, objects, or situation, may acquire motivational significance.

This could be one reason addiction is more complicated than simply “wanting pleasure.” Learning, conditioning, stress, memory, habit formation, executive control, and emotional regulation all interact with the reward system.

A particularly important concept: prediction error

The reward system also may help us learn when reality differs from expectation.

If something is better than expected, the brain may generate a positive reward prediction error.

If it is worse than expected, the prediction error may be negative.

This mechanism may help the brain continually update:

“PLEASE, CONSULT WITH A NEUROLOGIST.”

“What should I expect next time?”

That could be why the reward system is fundamentally not just about pleasure, it is also about learning and adaptation.

In simple terms:

The mind’s reward system may help transform experiences into motivation, learning, habits, and future expectations.

Shervan K Shahhian

A “Helper’s High (HH)” is the positive emotional and psychological state:

A “Helper’s High” is the positive emotional and psychological state that some people experience after helping, supporting, or doing something kind for another person.

It may involve feelings of:

Happiness and satisfaction

Meaning and purpose

Connection with others

Increased self-esteem

Reduced stress

A sense of accomplishment or fulfillment

Why does it happen?

Helping others may activate the minds’s reward system. Acts of generosity and compassion may be associated with the release of neurotransmitters and hormones involved in reward, motivation, and social bonding, including dopamine, endogenous opioids, and oxytocin: “Please, Consult with a Neurologist.”

Helping may also contribute to a person’s sense of meaning, the feeling that one’s actions matter and have a positive impact.

Example

A person volunteers, working for free, at a homeless shelter. Although the work may be physically or emotionally demanding, afterward they may feel:

“I’m tired, but I feel good. I did something meaningful today.”

That positive feeling is often described as a helper’s high.

An important psychological distinction

A helper’s high is generally considered healthy when helping is:

Voluntary

Balanced

Consistent with the person’s values

Not dependent on receiving praise or approval

However, helping may become problematic when a person feels compelled to constantly rescue others, ignores their own needs, or derives their entire sense of worth from being needed. This may contribute to compassion fatigue, burnout, or codependent patterns.

In a broader mental health sense, the helper’s high may be understood as one expression of prosocial behavior, altruism, meaning making, and eudaimonic well-being, the fulfillment that comes from living in accordance with one’s values and contributing to something larger than oneself.

Shervan K Shahhian

The personal fulfillment of helping others is the sense of meaning, satisfaction,…

“For me and for some others, that sense of meaningful contribution is one of the deepest sources of personal fulfillment.”

The Personal Fulfillment of Helping Others

The personal fulfillment of helping others is the sense of meaning, satisfaction, and emotional reward a person experiences when they contribute to another person’s well-being.

It could be connected to the human need for purpose, connection, compassion, and meaningful contribution.

Why helping others may feel fulfilling

  1. A sense of purpose

Helping someone may create the feeling that your time, knowledge, and efforts have genuine meaning.

“I made a positive difference in someone’s life, Wow.”

  1. Meaningful connection

Acts of kindness may strengthen our connection with other people and reduce feelings of isolation or disconnection.

  1. Compassion and empathy

When we understand another person’s suffering, helping them may provide a powerful sense of emotional meaning.

  1. Personal growth

Helping others may develop patience, wisdom, empathy, resilience, and a deeper understanding of life.

  1. A sense of contribution

Many people find fulfillment in knowing they are contributing to something larger than themselves, whether through family, community, work, volunteering, therapy, mentorship, or simple acts of kindness.

The psychological concept of a “helper’s high”

Helping others may sometimes produce positive emotional experiences such as joy, gratitude, satisfaction, and a sense of purpose. This is sometimes informally called a “helper’s high.” Positive social behavior may also strengthen a person’s sense of connection and well-being.

An important distinction

Healthy fulfillment comes from choosing to help, not from feeling that you must save everyone.

A healthy mindset might be:

“I want to help whenever I can, while also understanding my own boundaries and limitations.”

An unhealthy pattern may involve:

“My value depends on constantly rescuing other people.”

This may lead to compassion fatigue, burnout, emotional exhaustion, or codependent patterns.

In essence

The fulfillment of helping others may come from the profound human experience of realizing:

“My existence and my actions have made someone else’s life a little better.”

“For me and for some others, that sense of meaningful contribution is one of the deepest sources of personal fulfillment.”

Shervan K Shahhian

Complementary Mental Health Services are non-primary, supportive approaches:

Complementary Mental Health Services are non-primary, supportive approaches that are used alongside conventional mental health treatment, not as replacements. Their goal is to enhance emotional well-being, reduce stress, improve coping skills, and support recovery.

These services may be combined with psychotherapy, psychiatric care, medication (when appropriate), and lifestyle interventions: “Please, Consult with a Medical Doctor, Psychiatrist and a Neurologist.”

Some Common Complementary Mental Health Services

1. Mindfulness and Meditation

  • Mindfulness meditation
  • Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)
  • Loving Kindness Meditation
  • Breath awareness
  • Guided imagery

Research suggests these practices may help reduce stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms while improving emotional regulation.

2. Clinical Hypnotherapy/Hypnosis

As a complementary intervention, clinical hypnotherapy may help with:

  • Anxiety
  • Stress management
  • Pain management
  • Smoking cessation
  • Sleep difficulties
  • Habit change
  • Confidence building

It is generally most effective when integrated into a broader treatment plan by a qualified professional.

3. Relaxation Training

  • Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR)
  • Autogenic Training
  • Deep breathing exercises
  • Visualization
  • Body scan exercises

These techniques may reduce physiological arousal associated with stress and anxiety.

4. Biofeedback and Neurofeedback

“Please, Consult with a Neurologist.”

  • Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Biofeedback
  • EEG Neurofeedback
  • EMG Biofeedback

These approaches teach individuals to regulate certain physiological responses and may benefit some people with anxiety, ADHD, chronic pain, or migraines. The strength of evidence varies by condition: “Please, Consult with a Medical Doctor, Psychiatrist and a Neurologist.”

5. Exercise Therapy

Regular physical activity may:

  • Improve mood
  • Reduce anxiety
  • Decrease stress
  • Improve sleep
  • Increase self-esteem

Examples include:

  • Walking
  • Swimming
  • Cycling
  • Strength training
  • Yoga
  • Tai Chi

6. Yoga

Yoga combines:

  • Physical movement
  • Controlled breathing
  • Relaxation
  • Mindfulness

Research indicates it may improve stress, anxiety, mood, and overall well-being for many people.

7. Tai Chi and Qigong

These mind body practices emphasize:

  • Gentle movement
  • Breathing
  • Balance
  • Meditation

They may improve stress management, balance, and emotional well-being.

8. Art Therapy

Creative expression through:

  • Drawing
  • Painting
  • Sculpture
  • Collage
  • Mixed media

Art therapy may help individuals process emotions and experiences that may be difficult to express verbally.

9. Music Therapy

Delivered by trained music therapists, it may include:

  • Listening to music
  • Singing
  • Playing instruments
  • Songwriting
  • Guided music experiences

It has been used to support people with depression, anxiety, trauma, dementia, and neurological conditions: “Please, Consult with a Medical Doctor, Psychiatrist and a Neurologist.”

10. Dance and Movement Therapy

Uses movement to:

  • Express emotions
  • Improve body awareness
  • Reduce stress
  • Enhance emotional regulation

11. Animal Assisted Therapy

Working with trained therapy animals may:

  • Reduce stress
  • Increase social interaction
  • Improve mood
  • Lower feelings of loneliness

12. Massage Therapy

Massage may help:

  • Reduce muscle tension
  • Lower stress
  • Promote relaxation
  • Improve sleep

While it does not treat mental disorders directly, it may complement overall stress management.

13. Nutrition Counseling

A balanced diet supports:

  • Mental health
  • Stable energy
  • Mood regulation
  • Overall physical health

Emerging research in nutritional psychiatry may suggest diet may influence mental health, though it is only one part of comprehensive care: “Please, Consult with a Psychiatrist.”

14. Sleep Hygiene Education

Focuses on:

  • Consistent sleep schedule
  • Healthy bedtime routine
  • Limiting caffeine and alcohol always, especially before bed
  • Reducing evening screen exposure
  • Optimizing the sleep environment

Improving sleep may have a significant positive impact on mental health.

15. Peer Support

Peer specialists with lived experience provide:

  • Encouragement
  • Recovery support
  • Practical coping strategies
  • Hope and connection

Peer support complements, rather than replaces, professional treatment.

Potential Benefits

Complementary mental health services may:

  • Reduce stress
  • Improve emotional resilience
  • Enhance coping skills
  • Improve sleep
  • Increase relaxation
  • Support trauma recovery
  • Improve quality of life
  • Promote overall wellness

Important Considerations

  • These approaches are intended to complement, not replace, evidence-based treatments such as psychotherapy and, when appropriate, medication: “Please, Consult with a Medical Doctor, Psychiatrist and a Neurologist.”
  • Effectiveness varies depending on the individual, the condition being treated, and the quality of the intervention.
  • Some complementary therapies may have a stronger evidence base than others. Practices such as mindfulness, exercise, yoga, relaxation training, and certain forms of biofeedback are supported by a substantial body of research for specific conditions, while others require more study.

A comprehensive mental health plan may combine conventional treatments with carefully selected complementary services based on the individual’s goals, preferences, and clinical needs: “Please, Consult with a Medical Doctor, Psychiatrist and a Neurologist.”

Shervan K Shahhian

Catfishing is a form of deception:

Catfishing is a form of deception in which someone creates a false online identity to manipulate, deceive, or exploit another person. The fake identity may involve stolen photos, a fabricated biography, or lies about age, occupation, relationship status, location, or intentions.

Possible Reasons People Catfish

People catfish for different reasons, that may include:

  • Seeking emotional attention or validation.
  • Escaping loneliness or low self-esteem.
  • Financial scams (“romance scams”).
  • Identity theft or fraud.
  • Revenge or harassment.
  • Entertainment or “trolling.”
  • Grooming or exploiting vulnerable individuals.

Possible Common Warning Signs

Some red flags may include:

  • They refuse to video chat or meet in person despite months of communication.
  • They have excuses for why they cannot meet (“I’m overseas,” “My camera is broken,” “I’m working on a secret project.”).
  • Their photos appear unusually professional or model like.
  • Their stories frequently change or contain inconsistencies.
  • They declare love or deep emotional attachment very quickly.
  • They ask for money, gift cards, cryptocurrency, or financial help.
  • They avoid answering direct personal questions.
  • Their social media presence is sparse, newly created, or lacks interactions from real friends.
  • They pressure you to keep the relationship secret.

Emotional Manipulation Techniques

Catfishers may use psychological tactics such as:

  • Love bombing: Excessive affection and compliments early in the relationship.
  • Emotional dependency: Making you feel like you’re the only person who understands them.
  • Creating crises: Constant emergencies requiring emotional or financial support.
  • Guilt: Making you feel responsible if you question them.
  • Isolation: Encouraging you to withdraw from family and friends.

How to Possibly Protect Yourself

  • Reverse search their profile photos using a search engine.
  • Ask for a live video call early in the relationship.
  • Verify details they tell you through public information when appropriate.
  • Never send money or share sensitive financial information.
  • Trust your instincts if something feels “off.”
  • Talk to trusted friends, family, and the authorities, because they may notice warning signs you miss.

What to Do If You Think You’re Being Catfished

  1. Stop sending money or personal information.
  2. Save screenshots and messages as evidence.
  3. Ask for a live video call or another form of identity verification.
  4. End contact if they continue making excuses or become manipulative.
  5. Report the account to the platform where you met.
  6. If money was involved, contact your bank immediately and report the fraud to the appropriate authorities.

Psychological Impact

Being catfished may lead to:

  • Betrayal and loss of trust
  • Shame or embarrassment
  • Anxiety and depression
  • Grief over the loss of what felt like a real relationship
  • Difficulty trusting future partners

It’s important to remember that catfishing relies on deception. Intelligent, cautious people can still become victims because scammers often exploit normal human needs for connection, affection, and companionship.

Report the fraud to the appropriate authorities.

Shervan K Shahhian

Disorganized Thinking it may be a disturbance in the way,…

Disorganized Thinking it may be a disturbance in the way a person organizes and expresses their thoughts. It could be recognized through speech because we may not directly observe thoughts themselves.

Common features include:

  • Loose associations (derailment): Ideas shift from one topic to another with little or no logical connection.
  • Tangentiality: Answers may be related to the question but never actually reach the point.
  • Circumstantiality: Speech may include excessive unnecessary details before eventually answering the question.
  • Incoherence (“word salad”): Words and sentences may become so disorganized that they are difficult or impossible to understand.
  • Illogical thinking: Conclusions may not logically follow from the information presented.
  • Thought blocking: The person may suddenly stop speaking because their train of thought seems to disappear.

Disorganized thinking may be associated with conditions such as:

  • Schizophrenia
  • Bipolar disorder during severe manic episodes
  • Severe depression with psychotic features
  • Delirium
  • Some neurological disorders or substance intoxication: “Please, Consult with a Medical Doctor, Neurologist or a Psychiatrist.”

For example:

  • Question: “Why did you come to the hospital?”
  • Response: “Well, hospitals have windows. Windows let in sunshine. Sunshine grows flowers. My neighbor likes flowers.”

The response may contain a chain of loosely connected ideas rather than a logical answer to the question.

It could be important to distinguish disorganized thinking from simply being distracted, anxious, or speaking in a rambling style. Disorganized thinking is typically severe enough to interfere with effective communication and may indicate an underlying psychiatric or neurological condition that requires evaluation: “Please, Consult with a Medical Doctor, Neurologist or a Psychiatrist.”

Shervan K Shahhian