Tag Archives: anxiety

Dr. Carl Rogers:

Dr. Carl Rogers is known as one of thee greatest psychologist of the 20th century. Dr. Carl Rogers was a humanist thinker and believed that people are generally good.

Dr. Rogers also said that people are fundamentally good, or a need to fulfill their human potential and become the best that they can be.

Dr. Rogers called his technique non-directive therapy at the beginning. His aim was to be as non-directive as possible, he saw that psycho-therapists guide their clients even in some way. He also saw that clients mostly look to their therapists for some type of advice or direction.

What is Client-Centered Therapy:

Finally, the Dr. Rogers technique came to be known as Rogerian, client-centered therapy or person-centered therapy.

Dr. Rogers used the term client rather than patient. He thought that the term patient implied that the person is sick and seeking a cure from a therapist.

Dr. Rogers used the term client instead of patient, he emphasized the importance of the person in seeking help, controlling their future, and overcoming their problems. This self-direction is a important part in client-centered therapy.

Like psychoanalyst Dr. Freud , Dr. Rogers thought that the therapeutic interaction could find insights and lasting changes in clients. While Dr. Freud focused on giving interpretations of what he thought were the unconscious problems that led to a patients troubles, Dr. Rogers believed that the therapist should stay non-directive.

This is to say, the psycho-therapist should not direct the client, should not give judgments on the client’s feelings, and should not give suggestions or alternatives. Instead, the client should play an equal part in the therapeutic sessions.

How Does Client-Centered Therapy Works:

Psychology professionals who utilize this technique strive to create a therapeutic environment that is relaxing, empathic, and non-judgmental. 2 of these key elements of client-centered therapy are:

It’s non-directive. Therapists let clients lead the talk and do not try to direct the client in a certain direction.

It emphasizes unconditional positive regard. Therapists is completely accepting and supportive of their clients without judgment.

Three Key Qualities of Client-Centered Therapists:

What Is Genuineness?

The therapist needs to speak of his or her feelings honestly. By showing this behavior, the therapist can help show the client and to also help the client develop this important skill.

What Is Unconditional Positive Regard?

The therapist must understand the client for who they really are and show support and care for them no matter what the client is experiencing in their life. Dr. Rogers believed that humans often develop issues because they are used to only getting conditional help; being accepted only if the person conforms to certain expectations.

By creating an environment of unconditional positive regard, the client is able to speak his or her true feelings without fear of being turned down.

Dr. Rogers also explained: “Unconditional positive regard means that when the therapist is experiencing a positive, acceptant attitude toward whatever the client is at that moment, therapeutic movement or change is more likely. It involves the therapist’s willingness for the client to be whatever feeling is going on at that moment — confusion, resentment, fear, anger, courage, love, or pride…The therapist prizes the client in a total rather than a conditional way.”

What Is Empathetic Understanding?

The therapist needs to be reflective, meaning: acting as a mirror of the client’s thought and feelings. The goal of this technique is to allow the client to gain an open understanding of their own inner feelings, emotions and perceptions.

By showing these 3 characteristics, therapists can assist clients grow psychologically, become self-aware, and change his or her behavior by self-direction. In this type of therapeutic relationship, a client feels safe and free from judgment. Dr. Rogers believed that this type of environment allows clients to make a healthier view of the world and a less cloudy view of one self.

What Is Self-Concept:

Self-concept also an important part in person-centered therapy.

Dr. Rogers believed that self-concept as an organized set of beliefs and ideas about the self. The self-concept play an important role in determining not only how people see themselves, but also how they view and interact with the world around them.

Sometimes self-concept lines up well with reality, which Rogers referred to as congruence. In other cases, self-perceptions are sometimes unrealistic or not in tune with what exists in the real world. Rogers believed that all people distort reality to some degree, but when self-concept is in conflict with reality, incongruence can result.

For example, a young boy might perceive himself as a strong athlete, despite the fact that his actual performance on the field reveals that he is not particularly skilled and could use extra practice.

Through the process of person-centered therapy, Rogers believed that people could learn to adjust their self-concept in order to achieve congruence and a more realistic view of themselves and the world. For example, imagine a young woman who views herself as uninteresting and a poor conversationalist despite the fact that other people find her fascinating and quite engaging.

Because her self-perceptions are not congruent with reality, she may experience poor self-esteem as a result. The client-centered approach focuses on providing unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuine support in order to help the client reach a more congruent view of herself

Role in Today’s Culture:

Actor Bob Newhart portrayed a therapist who utilized client-centered therapy on “The Bob Newhart Show” which aired from 1972 to 1978.

How Effective Is Client-Centered Therapy?

Several large-scale studies have shown that the three qualities that Rogers emphasized, genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathetic understanding, are all beneficial. However, some studies have suggested that these factors alone are not necessarily enough to promote lasting change in clients.4

One evaluation that looked at the effectiveness of person-centered therapy suggested that this approach was effective for individuals experiencing common mental health problems such as depression and anxiety, and may even be helpful to those experiencing more moderate to severe symptoms.

Shervan K Shahhian

Client Center Therapy:

History:

Dr. Carl Rogers is known as one of thee greatest psychologist of the 20th century. Dr. Carl Rogers was a humanist thinker and believed that people are generally good.

Dr. Rogers also said that people are fundamentally good, or a need to fulfill their human potential and become the best that they can be.

Dr. Rogers called his technique non-directive therapy at the beginning. His aim was to be as non-directive as possible, he saw that psycho-therapists guide their clients even in some way. He also saw that clients mostly look to their therapists for some type of advice or direction.

What is Client-Centered Therapy:

Finally, the Dr. Rogers technique came to be known as Rogerian, client-centered therapy or person-centered therapy.

Dr. Rogers used the term client rather than patient. He thought that the term patient implied that the person is sick and seeking a cure from a therapist.

Dr. Rogers used the term client instead of patient, he emphasized the importance of the person in seeking help, controlling their future, and overcoming their problems. This self-direction is a important part in client-centered therapy.

Like psychoanalyst Dr. Freud , Dr. Rogers thought that the therapeutic interaction could find insights and lasting changes in clients. While Dr. Freud focused on giving interpretations of what he thought were the unconscious problems that led to a patients troubles, Dr. Rogers believed that the therapist should stay non-directive.

This is to say, the psycho-therapist should not direct the client, should not give judgments on the client’s feelings, and should not give suggestions or alternatives. Instead, the client should play an equal part in the therapeutic sessions.

How Does Client-Centered Therapy Works:

Psychology professionals who utilize this technique strive to create a therapeutic environment that is relaxing, empathic, and non-judgmental. 2 of these key elements of client-centered therapy are:

  • It’s non-directive. Therapists let clients lead the talk and do not try to direct the client in a certain direction.
  • It emphasizes unconditional positive regard. Therapists is completely accepting and supportive of their clients without judgment.

Three Key Qualities of Client-Centered Therapists:

What Is Genuineness?

The therapist needs to speak of his or her feelings honestly. By showing this behavior, the therapist can help show the client and to also help the client develop this important skill.

What Is Unconditional Positive Regard?

The therapist must understand the client for who they really are and show support and care for them no matter what the client is experiencing in their life. Dr. Rogers believed that humans often develop issues because they are used to only getting conditional help; being accepted only if the person conforms to certain expectations.

By creating an environment of unconditional positive regard, the client is able to speak his or her true feelings without fear of being turned down.

Dr. Rogers also explained: “Unconditional positive regard means that when the therapist is experiencing a positive, acceptant attitude toward whatever the client is at that moment, therapeutic movement or change is more likely. It involves the therapist’s willingness for the client to be whatever feeling is going on at that moment – confusion, resentment, fear, anger, courage, love, or pride…The therapist prizes the client in a total rather than a conditional way.”

What Is Empathetic Understanding?

The therapist needs to be reflective, meaning: acting as a mirror of the client’s thought and feelings. The goal of this technique is to allow the client to gain an open understanding of their own inner feelings, emotions and perceptions.

By showing these 3 characteristics, therapists can assist clients grow psychologically, become self-aware, and change his or her behavior by self-direction. In this type of therapeutic relationship, a client feels safe and free from judgment. Dr. Rogers believed that this type of environment allows clients to make a healthier view of the world and a less cloudy view of one self.

What Is Self-Concept:

Self-concept also an important part in person-centered therapy.

Dr. Rogers believed that self-concept as an organized set of beliefs and ideas about the self. The self-concept play an important role in determining not only how people see themselves, but also how they view and interact with the world around them.

Sometimes self-concept lines up well with reality, which Rogers referred to as congruence. In other cases, self-perceptions are sometimes unrealistic or not in tune with what exists in the real world. Rogers believed that all people distort reality to some degree, but when self-concept is in conflict with reality, incongruence can result.

For example, a young boy might perceive himself as a strong athlete, despite the fact that his actual performance on the field reveals that he is not particularly skilled and could use extra practice.

Through the process of person-centered therapy, Rogers believed that people could learn to adjust their self-concept in order to achieve congruence and a more realistic view of themselves and the world. For example, imagine a young woman who views herself as uninteresting and a poor conversationalist despite the fact that other people find her fascinating and quite engaging.

Because her self-perceptions are not congruent with reality, she may experience poor self-esteem as a result. The client-centered approach focuses on providing unconditional positive regard, empathy, and genuine support in order to help the client reach a more congruent view of herself

Role in Today’s Culture:

Actor Bob Newhart portrayed a therapist who utilized client-centered therapy on “The Bob Newhart Show” which aired from 1972 to 1978.

How Effective Is Client-Centered Therapy?

Several large-scale studies have shown that the three qualities that Rogers emphasized, genuineness, unconditional positive regard, and empathetic understanding, are all beneficial. However, some studies have suggested that these factors alone are not necessarily enough to promote lasting change in clients.4

One evaluation that looked at the effectiveness of person-centered therapy suggested that this approach was effective for individuals experiencing common mental health problems such as depression and anxiety, and may even be helpful to those experiencing more moderate to severe symptoms.

Shervan K Shahhian

Psychotherapy, a great explanation:

An overview
Psychotherapy is a non-specific term for treating mental health issues by seeing a psychotherapist, psychiatrist, psychologist or other mental health professionals.

During psychotherapy sessions, one can learn about their condition and moods, issues, feelings, thoughts and behaviors. Psychotherapy can help a person to learn how to take control of ones life and how to respond to difficult situations with proper coping skills.

There are multiple forms of psychotherapy, each with its own system. The type of psychotherapy that’s right for a person depends on their specific situation. Psychotherapy is also called talk therapy, therapy, psychosocial therapy, and counseling.


Psychotherapy can be helpful in improving many mental illness problems, including:

Anxiety disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), phobias, panic disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Mood disorders, such as depression or bipolar disorder

Addictions, such as alcoholism, drug dependence or compulsive gambling
Eating disorders, such as anorexia or bulimia

Personality disorders, such as borderline personality disorder or dependent personality disorder

Schizophrenia or other disorders that cause detachment from reality (psychotic disorders)


Not all who may benefit from psychotherapy has a mental disorder. Psychotherapy may assist with a many of life’s conflicts, and stresses that can affect any person. As an example:

Resolving conflicts with a persons partner, wife, husband, boy friend, girl friend, co-workers, and so on.
Relieving anxiety and stress due to work issues and or other situations.
Cope with major life ups and downs, the death of a loved one, the loss of a job, break ups, divorce.
Learn to ways to manage improper actions, like: as road rage or passive-aggressive behavior.
Understand, excepting acute, or serious medical health problem, such as cancer, long-term (chronic) pain, Parkinson’s, dementia, diabetes.
Recovering from rape, sexual abuse or witnessing violence, physical or
Cope with sexual issues, whether they’re caused by psychological or physical.
Sleep disorder: if one has trouble falling asleep or staying asleep; hypersomnia or insomnia.


In certain cases, psychotherapy can be as helpful as psychotropic medications, like: antidepressants. It all depends on ones specific situation, psychotherapy by it self may not be enough to lessen the issues of a mental health problems. One may also need psychotropic medications or other treatments protocols.


What are the risks:
Possibly, there is little risk getting psychotherapy. But it can open up painful issues and past experiences, one may feel emotionally unstable at times. But, many risks are lessen by working with a professional psychotherapist who can put together the type of therapy that can help.

The coping techniques that one can learn may help manage and over coming negative thoughts, feelings and phobias.


How one can get started:

First find a good psychotherapist. one can get a referral from a their medical doctor, checking with the health insurance plan, asking friends or family. Many companies do offer counseling services or referrals through to help their employees . One can also find a psychotherapist on their own, as an example, searching the Internet.
Checking the costs. If one has health insurance, finding out how much coverage does it offers for psychotherapy. Some health insurance plans cover only a certain number of psychotherapy sessions each year. Also, one can talk to their psychotherapist about payment options.


Before ones first psychotherapist appointment, they should think about what issues they would like to work on. While one also can sort out these things with their psychotherapist, having some ideas in advance can provide a good starting beginning.


When Checking the Psychotherapists Qualifications:
Before seeing the first appointment with a psychotherapist, one can check his or her certification, licensing, specialization, background, education. The term psychotherapist could be the person’s job title or indication of their specialization, education, training or licensure.

Trained psychotherapists can have a number of different job titles, depending on their education and role. Most have a master’s or doctoral degree with specific training in psychological counseling. Medical doctors who specialize in mental health (psychiatrists) can prescribe medications as well as provide psychotherapy.

Examples of psychotherapists include psychiatrists, psychologists, licensed professional counselors, licensed social workers, licensed marriage and family therapists, psychiatric nurses, or other licensed professionals with mental health training.

Make sure that the therapist you choose meets state certification and licensing requirements for his or her particular discipline. The key is to find a skilled therapist who can match the type and intensity of therapy with your needs.

What you can expect
Your first therapy session
At the first psychotherapy session, the therapist typically gathers information about you and your needs. You may be asked to fill out forms about your current and past physical and emotional health. It might take a few sessions for your therapist to fully understand your situation and concerns and to determine the best approach or course of action.

The first session is also an opportunity for you to interview your therapist to see if his or her approach and personality are going to work for you. Make sure you understand:

What type of therapy will be used
The goals of your treatment
The length of each session
How many therapy sessions you may need
Don’t hesitate to ask questions anytime during your appointment. If you don’t feel comfortable with the first psychotherapist you see, try someone else. Having a good fit with your therapist is critical for psychotherapy to be effective.

Starting psychotherapy
You’ll likely meet in your therapist’s office or a clinic once a week or every other week for a session that lasts about 45 to 60 minutes. Psychotherapy, usually in a group session with a focus on safety and stabilization, also can take place in a hospital if you’ve been admitted for treatment.

Types of psychotherapy
There are a number of effective types of psychotherapy. Some work better than others in treating certain disorders and conditions. In many cases, therapists use a combination of techniques. Your therapist will consider your particular situation and preferences to determine which approach may be best for you.

Although many types of therapies exist, some psychotherapy techniques proven to be effective include:

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps you identify unhealthy, negative beliefs and behaviors and replace them with healthy, positive ones
Dialectical behavior therapy, a type of CBT that teaches behavioral skills to help you handle stress, manage your emotions and improve your relationships with others
Acceptance and commitment therapy, which helps you become aware of and accept your thoughts and feelings and commit to making changes, increasing your ability to cope with and adjust to situations
Psychodynamic and psychoanalysis therapies, which focus on increasing your awareness of unconscious thoughts and behaviors, developing new insights into your motivations, and resolving conflicts
Interpersonal psychotherapy, which focuses on addressing problems with your current relationships with other people to improve your interpersonal skills — how you relate to others, such as family, friends and colleagues
Supportive psychotherapy, which reinforces your ability to cope with stress and difficult situations
Psychotherapy is offered in different formats, including individual, couple, family or group therapy sessions, and it can be effective for all age groups.

During psychotherapy
For most types of psychotherapy, your therapist encourages you to talk about your thoughts and feelings and what’s troubling you. Don’t worry if you find it hard to open up about your feelings. Your therapist can help you gain more confidence and comfort as time goes on.

Because psychotherapy sometimes involves intense emotional discussions, you may find yourself crying, upset or even having an angry outburst during a session. Some people may feel physically exhausted after a session. Your therapist is there to help you cope with such feelings and emotions.

Your therapist may ask you to do “homework” — activities or practices that build on what you learn during your regular therapy sessions. Over time, discussing your concerns can help improve your mood, change the way you think and feel about yourself, and improve your ability to cope with problems.

Confidentiality
Except in rare and specific circumstances, conversations with your therapist are confidential. However, a therapist may break confidentiality if there is an immediate threat to safety (yours or someone else’s) or when required by state or federal law to report concerns to authorities. Your therapist can answer questions about confidentiality.

Length of psychotherapy
The number of psychotherapy sessions you need — as well as how frequently you need to see your therapist — depends on such factors as:

Your particular mental illness or situation
Severity of your symptoms
How long you’ve had symptoms or have been dealing with your situation
How quickly you make progress
How much stress you’re experiencing
How much your mental health concerns interfere with day-to-day life
How much support you receive from family members and others
Cost and insurance limitations
It may take only weeks to help you cope with a short-term situation. Or, treatment may last a year or longer if you have a long-term mental illness or other long-term concerns.

Results
Psychotherapy may not cure your condition or make an unpleasant situation go away. But it can give you the power to cope in a healthy way and to feel better about yourself and your life.

Getting the most out of psychotherapy
Take steps to get the most out of your therapy and help make it a success.

Make sure you feel comfortable with your therapist. If you don’t, look for another therapist with whom you feel more at ease.
Approach therapy as a partnership. Therapy is most effective when you’re an active participant and share in decision-making. Make sure you and your therapist agree about the major issues and how to tackle them. Together, you can set goals and measure progress over time.
Be open and honest. Success depends on willingness to share your thoughts, feelings and experiences, and to consider new insights, ideas and ways of doing things. If you’re reluctant to talk about certain issues because of painful emotions, embarrassment or fears about your therapist’s reaction, let your therapist know.
Stick to your treatment plan. If you feel down or lack motivation, it may be tempting to skip psychotherapy sessions. Doing so can disrupt your progress. Try to attend all sessions and to give some thought to what you want to discuss.
Don’t expect instant results. Working on emotional issues can be painful and may require hard work. You may need several sessions before you begin to see improvement.
Do your homework between sessions. If your therapist asks you to document your thoughts in a journal or do other activities outside of your therapy sessions, follow through. These homework assignments can help you apply what you’ve learned in the therapy sessions to your life.
If psychotherapy isn’t helping, talk to your therapist. If you don’t feel that you’re benefiting from therapy after several sessions, talk to your therapist about it. You and your therapist may decide to make some changes or try a different approach that may be more effective.
Clinical trials
Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this disease.

Shervan K Shahhian

A Therapeutic Community (TC):

Therapeutic Community:

A therapeutic community (TC) is a structured and immersive treatment environment designed to facilitate personal growth, healing, and recovery from various psychological and behavioral issues. It is commonly used in the field of mental health and addiction treatment.

In a therapeutic community, individuals with similar challenges come together to create a supportive and therapeutic community. The primary goal is to provide a safe and structured environment where individuals can explore and address the underlying causes of their difficulties. The community functions as a microcosm of society, offering opportunities for individuals to learn and practice new behaviors, develop healthy relationships, and acquire skills necessary for successful reintegration into the larger community.

Key features of a therapeutic community may include:

  1. Community as Method: The community itself becomes an essential part of the therapeutic process. Participants engage in various communal activities, such as group therapy, group decision-making, and shared responsibilities within the community.
  2. Peer Support: Mutual support among community members is a fundamental aspect of a therapeutic community. Peers provide encouragement, empathy, and feedback, fostering a sense of belonging and acceptance.
  3. Therapeutic Environment: The physical environment is designed to promote personal growth and self-reflection. This may include comfortable living spaces, common areas for group activities, and spaces for individual reflection.
  4. Holistic Approach: Therapeutic communities typically adopt a holistic approach to treatment, considering the psychological, emotional, physical, and social dimensions of a person’s well-being. Various therapeutic modalities, such as counseling, group therapy, vocational training, and recreational activities, may be incorporated.
  5. Shared Responsibility: Participants are encouraged to actively engage in decision-making processes within the community. This shared responsibility fosters a sense of ownership and accountability, promoting personal growth and autonomy.

Therapeutic communities can be found in residential treatment centers, inpatient facilities, or as part of community-based programs. They are often used in the treatment of substance abuse, mental health disorders, and other behavioral issues, providing individuals with a supportive and transformative environment to facilitate their recovery and overall well-being.

Shervan K Shahhian

The importance of Pediatric Psychology?

Pediatric psychology is a specialized branch of psychology that focuses on the psychological well-being and development of children and adolescents. It plays a crucial role in understanding and addressing the unique mental health needs of young individuals. Here are some reasons highlighting the importance of pediatric psychology:

Early intervention: Children’s mental health issues can have long-term consequences if left unaddressed. Pediatric psychologists work with young patients to identify and intervene early in case of developmental delays, learning difficulties, behavioral problems, emotional challenges, and mental disorders. Timely intervention can significantly improve outcomes and prevent future complications.

Comprehensive assessment: Pediatric psychologists conduct thorough assessments to evaluate a child’s cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning. These assessments help identify potential issues, diagnose mental health conditions, and design appropriate treatment plans. The comprehensive evaluation process provides valuable insights for tailored interventions and support.

Holistic approach: Pediatric psychologists take a holistic approach by considering various factors that influence a child’s well-being, including family dynamics, school environment, social interactions, and physical health. They collaborate with other professionals, such as pediatricians, educators, and therapists, to ensure coordinated care and address the child’s needs comprehensively.

Support for developmental challenges: Children may face various developmental challenges, such as autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, learning disabilities, or emotional disturbances. Pediatric psychologists specialize in understanding and supporting these challenges through evidence-based interventions, therapy, and behavioral management techniques. They help children build essential skills, cope with difficulties, and achieve their full potential.

Promotion of mental health and resilience: Pediatric psychologists play a crucial role in promoting positive mental health and resilience in children and adolescents. They teach coping strategies, stress management techniques, and emotional regulation skills to enhance children’s well-being. By addressing early signs of distress or mental health issues, they can help prevent more severe problems in the future.

Parental guidance and support: Pediatric psychologists provide guidance and support to parents and caregivers. They help parents understand their child’s unique needs, provide effective parenting strategies, and enhance the parent-child relationship. This support is essential for fostering a nurturing and supportive environment that promotes a child’s psychological well-being.

Advocacy and public health: Pediatric psychologists contribute to the broader field of child mental health by conducting research, advocating for policies and programs, and promoting awareness. They contribute to the development of evidence-based interventions, participate in community initiatives, and work towards improving the overall mental health support system for children and families.

In summary, pediatric psychology is of utmost importance as it addresses the specific mental health needs of children and adolescents, supports their healthy development, intervenes early in case of difficulties, and promotes overall well-being. By focusing on the unique aspects of childhood, pediatric psychologists play a vital role in shaping healthier and happier futures for young individuals.

Shervan K Shahhian

How can one possibly Overcome Social Anxiety

How can one possibly Overcome Social Anxiety:

Overcoming social anxiety is a gradual and often challenging process, but with dedication and the right strategies, it is possible to manage and reduce its impact. Here are some steps that can help:

  1. Seek Professional Help: Consider reaching out to a mental health professional, such as a therapist or counselor, who specializes in anxiety disorders. They can provide you with personalized guidance and evidence-based therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or exposure therapy, which are effective in treating social anxiety.
  2. Educate Yourself: Learn more about social anxiety and its underlying causes. Understanding the psychological and physiological aspects of anxiety can help you demystify your experiences and reduce the stigma associated with it.
  3. Practice Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques: Techniques like deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and meditation can help you manage the physical symptoms of anxiety and stay grounded in the present moment.
  4. Challenge Negative Thoughts: Pay attention to your self-talk and challenge negative, self-critical thoughts. Use techniques from cognitive-behavioral therapy to reframe irrational beliefs and replace them with more balanced and realistic ones.
  5. Set Realistic Goals: Start small by gradually exposing yourself to social situations that trigger anxiety. Break down larger goals into smaller, achievable steps. Celebrate your successes along the way.
  6. Practice Exposure: Gradual exposure to anxiety-provoking situations is a key component of overcoming social anxiety. Start with situations that cause mild discomfort and work your way up to more challenging scenarios. The goal is to desensitize yourself to these situations over time.
  7. Build Social Skills: Consider taking social skills training or joining a support group where you can practice interacting with others in a safe and non-judgmental environment.
  8. Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate sleep can positively impact your overall mental health and reduce anxiety.
  9. Avoid Alcohol and Drugs: These substances can exacerbate anxiety and make it more difficult to manage social situations.
  10. Set Realistic Expectations: Remember that progress takes time. Be patient with yourself and acknowledge that setbacks are a normal part of the process.
  11. Utilize Technology: There are many apps and online resources designed to help with anxiety and social anxiety. These tools can provide exercises, guided meditations, and other strategies to help you manage your symptoms.
  12. Engage in Positive Self-Talk: Practice self-compassion and speak to yourself in a kind and understanding manner. Treat yourself with the same kindness you would offer to a friend.
  13. Celebrate Your Achievements: Acknowledge and celebrate your successes, no matter how small. Each step you take toward managing your social anxiety is a significant accomplishment.

Remember that overcoming social anxiety is a gradual journey, and it’s okay to ask for support along the way. Surround yourself with a supportive network of friends, family, and professionals who can provide encouragement and guidance as you work towards a more confident and fulfilling social life.

Shervan K Shahhian

Mental Health Professionals must be informed regarding up to date evidence-based approaches to suicide risk and suicidality:

“IF YOU or SOMEONE YOU KNOW IS IN CRISIS, PLEASE CALL 911 or 988 or GO TO THE NEAREST EMERGENCY ROOM or HOSPITAL.”

Mental Health Professionals must be informed regarding up to date evidence-based approaches to suicide risk and suicidality:
Yes, it is essential for mental health professionals to stay informed about the latest evidence-based approaches to suicide risk and suicidality. This is because the understanding of suicide and its prevention evolves continuously as new research is conducted. Staying up to date ensures that practitioners are providing the best possible care to individuals at risk, using the most effective and scientifically validated methods.
Key reasons why mental health professionals need current knowledge include:
Improved Risk Assessment: Modern approaches emphasize the use of standardized, evidence-based tools for assessing suicide risk, which helps in identifying individuals at higher risk more accurately.
Personalized Care: New research often highlights the need for individualized treatment plans. Professionals can better address the specific needs of their clients, factoring in their history, circumstances, and unique risk factors.
Effective Intervention Strategies: As evidence emerges, new interventions are found to be more effective in reducing suicidality, including therapeutic techniques, pharmacological treatments, and crisis management.
Cultural Sensitivity: Up-to-date knowledge helps ensure that approaches are culturally competent and respectful of the diverse populations served, improving outcomes and engagement.
Prevention and Early Detection: Evidence-based practices contribute to improved strategies for suicide prevention, early intervention, and postvention, potentially saving lives.

Mental health professionals should engage in continuous education, attend relevant training, and regularly review the latest studies, clinical guidelines, and recommendations to ensure their practice aligns with the most effective and ethical methods available.

“IF YOU or SOMEONE YOU KNOW IS IN CRISIS, PLEASE CALL 911 or 988 or GO TO THE NEAREST EMERGENCY ROOM or HOSPITAL.”

Shervan K Shahhian

The sudden shock of a major event may disrupt normal Mental processes, why:

The sudden shock of a major event may disrupt normal Mental processes, why:

The sudden shock of a major event can disrupt normal mental processes for several reasons:

Fight-or-Flight Response: When confronted with a traumatic or unexpected event, the body activates the fight-or-flight response, releasing stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones prepare the body to respond to danger but can overwhelm the brain, impairing higher cognitive functions such as reasoning, memory, and decision-making.

Emotional Overload: A major event often triggers intense emotions such as fear, anger, or grief. These emotions can hijack our cognitive processes, making it difficult to think clearly or logically. The emotional center of the brain (the amygdala) takes over, leading to emotional responses that can disrupt rational thinking.

Disruption of Cognitive Balance: Our brains work best when we are in a state of equilibrium. A sudden shock can throw this balance off, making it difficult to concentrate, process information, or recall memories. Cognitive functions that rely on attention, focus, and working memory can become impaired.

Psychological Shock or Trauma: In the case of traumatic events, the mind may enter a state of shock as a defense mechanism. This can cause dissociation, a state where the person feels detached from reality, or denial, where they may have difficulty accepting the reality of the situation. These coping mechanisms can temporarily prevent normal processing of information.

Increased Stress: Chronic stress, especially from significant life events, can change the structure and function of the brain, particularly areas involved in memory, emotion, and cognition (e.g., the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex). This can cause long-term disruptions in mental processes.

Sleep Disruption: Stressful or traumatic events can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to further cognitive impairment. Sleep is essential for memory consolidation, emotional regulation, and overall mental clarity. Lack of rest can make it harder to process the event and regain cognitive equilibrium.

Sense of Helplessness or Loss of Control: Major events often challenge our sense of control or security. When we are suddenly faced with something we cannot change or anticipate, it can cause confusion and a sense of helplessness, impairing our ability to think through problems or make decisions.

All these factors combined can cause significant disruptions in our mental processes, and it may take time to process the event fully and regain normal cognitive functioning.

Shervan K Shahhian

Natural Disasters and Mental Health:

Natural Disasters and Mental Health:

Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and wildfires, can have significant impacts on mental health, both in the short and long term. These events can create widespread disruption, loss, and trauma, which may manifest in various psychological and emotional challenges for individuals and communities.

Immediate Mental Health Impacts

Acute Stress Reaction:

  • Feelings of fear, confusion, or disbelief.
  • Physical symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing, or nausea.
  • Emotional numbness or heightened anxiety.

Grief and Loss:

  • The loss of loved ones, homes, possessions, or livelihoods can lead to profound grief and sadness.

Survivor’s Guilt:

  • Those who survive may feel guilt, particularly if others did not.

Long-Term Mental Health Consequences

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD):

  • Intrusive memories, nightmares, and heightened reactivity.
  • Avoidance of reminders of the disaster.

Depression:

  • Persistent sadness, hopelessness, or loss of interest in daily activities.

Anxiety Disorders:

  • Ongoing worry or fear about future disasters.

Substance Use Disorders:

  • Some may turn to alcohol or drugs as a coping mechanism.

Community Impact:

  • Shared trauma may lead to collective anxiety or distress in communities.

Vulnerable Populations

Certain groups are at higher risk of experiencing severe mental health impacts:

  • Children: Limited ability to process traumatic events.
  • Elderly: Physical frailty and isolation can exacerbate mental health issues.
  • First Responders: Repeated exposure to traumatic situations.
  • Low-Income Individuals: Fewer resources for recovery and resilience.

Coping Strategies and Support

Access to Mental Health Services:

  • Professional counseling or therapy for individuals and communities.
  • Crisis hotlines and support groups.

Community Support:

  • Building connections to foster resilience.
  • Community programs for disaster recovery.

Self-Care:

  • Mindfulness, exercise, and maintaining routines.

Education and Preparedness:

  • Teaching coping mechanisms and disaster preparedness can reduce anxiety.

Long-Term Recovery Programs:

  • Integrating mental health into broader disaster recovery efforts.

Call to Action

Governments, non-profits, and healthcare providers need to prioritize mental health as part of disaster response and recovery. Building resilient communities involves not just addressing physical needs but also ensuring psychological well-being.

Shervan K Shahhian

PTSD and the suffering of Combat Veterans:

24/7, confidential crisis support

for Veterans and their loved ones

https://www.veteranscrisisline.net/?msclkid=1d15e8b83b921e5287668fc6cbeb8456

PTSD and the suffering of Combat Veterans:

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after a person experiences or witnesses a traumatic event. For combat veterans, PTSD is a particularly significant issue due to the intense and often life-threatening experiences they face during military service.

Here’s a detailed overview:

Causes and Triggers for Combat Veterans

Exposure to Life-Threatening Events:

  • Combat veterans may witness the deaths of comrades, civilians, or enemies.
  • They often face situations involving imminent danger, such as ambushes or explosions.

Moral Injuries:

  • Guilt or shame resulting from actions taken (or not taken) during combat.
  • Conflicts between actions during war and personal moral values.

Physical Injuries and Trauma:

  • Surviving an injury or witnessing horrific injuries can lead to lasting psychological scars.

Loss of Comrades:

  • The grief of losing close friends in battle can deeply affect emotional well-being.

Symptoms of PTSD in Combat Veterans

PTSD symptoms can vary in severity and presentation but generally include:

Re-Experiencing Symptoms:

  • Flashbacks, nightmares, or intrusive memories of traumatic events.

Avoidance:

  • Avoiding places, people, or activities that remind them of the trauma.

Hyperarousal:

  • Increased irritability, hypervigilance, difficulty sleeping, or exaggerated startle responses.

Negative Thoughts and Mood:

  • Feelings of guilt, shame, emotional numbness, or detachment from others.

Impact on Combat Veterans

Relationships:

  • Strained family and interpersonal relationships due to emotional withdrawal, anger, or communication difficulties.

Employment:

  • Difficulty maintaining steady work due to PTSD symptoms or challenges reintegrating into civilian life.

Substance Abuse:

  • Some veterans turn to drugs or alcohol as a way to self-medicate and cope with their symptoms.

Suicide Risk:

  • Veterans with PTSD are at a higher risk for suicidal ideation and behavior.

Treatment Options

Therapy:

  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Focuses on reframing negative thought patterns.
  • Prolonged Exposure Therapy: Helps veterans confront and desensitize themselves to traumatic memories.
  • Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR): Combines recall of traumatic events with guided eye movements.

Medications:

  • Antidepressants might be prescribed.

Support Groups:

  • Connecting with other veterans who have similar experiences can provide a sense of camaraderie and understanding.

Complementary Approaches:

  • Practices such as yoga, meditation, art therapy, or animal-assisted therapy can help with relaxation and emotional regulation.

Challenges to Treatment

  • Stigma: Many veterans are reluctant to seek help due to fear of being perceived as weak.
  • Access to Care: Geographic, financial, or systemic barriers can limit access to specialized mental health services.
  • Cultural Barriers: Military culture may emphasize resilience and discourage expressions of vulnerability.

Support and Advocacy

Veteran Affairs (VA) Programs:

  • Many countries, including the U.S., have dedicated programs for veterans to receive mental health care.

Community Organizations:

  • Nonprofits and veteran support groups play a vital role in providing resources and community for combat veterans.

Public Awareness:

  • Efforts to normalize conversations around PTSD and mental health can help reduce stigma and encourage veterans to seek care.

How to Support a Veteran with PTSD

  • Be Patient and Understanding:
  • Avoid judgment; listen without trying to “fix” the problem.
  • Encourage Professional Help:
  • Gently suggest seeking therapy or medical support.
  • Learn About PTSD:
  • Educating yourself can improve your ability to provide informed and empathetic support.
  • Foster a Safe Environment:
  • Avoid triggering environments and respect their need for personal space.

Combat veterans deserve compassion, understanding, and access to resources as they navigate the challenges of PTSD. Supporting them is not just a moral duty but also a way to honor their service and sacrifice.

Shervan K Shahhian