Parapsychology and Controlled Remote Viewing:

Parapsychology is the study of phenomena that lie outside conventional scientific understanding, often exploring experiences like telepathy, precognition, psychokinesis, and remote viewing.

It’s a highly controversial field, with proponents advocating its potential and skeptics questioning its scientific rigor.

Controlled Remote Viewing (CRV) is a specific practice within parapsychology. It was originally developed as a structured technique for accessing and describing information about a distant or unseen target using the mind alone. CRV gained attention due to its association with some government projects, a program conducted during the Cold War to explore psychic phenomena for intelligence-gathering purposes.

How CRV Works

CRV is highly methodical and involves several stages designed to help a person access intuitive impressions without interference from their conscious mind. A typical CRV session might include:

Target Cueing: The participant is provided with a minimal reference, often a random target number or geographic coordinates.
Sketching and Notes: Participants record impressions — such as shapes, textures, colors, and emotional “feels” — without analyzing or rationalizing them.
Data Refinement: Over multiple stages, the information is refined to form a more detailed “picture” of the target.

CRV proponents claim that the process bypasses conscious biases, making it possible to obtain valid data about a target.

Evidence and Criticism

Supporters argue that there have been documented cases of successful remote viewing, and some claim its validity is supported by statistical analysis of experimental results.
Skeptics highlight the lack of replicable evidence under controlled conditions and suggest any successes are more likely due to chance, subconscious pattern recognition, or analytical overlay (filling in gaps with guesses).

Shervan K Shahhian

Coping with Tragedy:

Tragedy, in a general sense, refers to a disastrous event or a serious misfortune that causes great suffering, distress, or sadness. It doesn’t necessarily follow a pattern of positive assumptions failing, but certain tragedies can indeed be more impactful when they disrupt expectations or plans that were based on positive assumptions.
When people hold positive assumptions about the future or their circumstances, and those assumptions are shattered by unexpected and unfortunate events, it can lead to a heightened sense of disappointment, shock, or grief. The contrast between what was anticipated and what actually occurs can make the impact of a tragedy more profound.
However, it’s important to note that tragedies can also arise without any preceding positive assumptions. They can be unpredictable events that occur independently of our expectations. Life is inherently uncertain, and unforeseen circumstances can disrupt our lives regardless of our outlook on the future.
In coping with tragedy, resilience and adaptability become crucial. It involves the ability to navigate through unexpected challenges and find ways to rebuild and move forward, even when positive assumptions are shattered.
Tragedy, in a general sense, refers to a disastrous event or a serious misfortune that causes great suffering, distress, or sadness. It doesn’t necessarily follow a pattern of positive assumptions failing, but certain tragedies can indeed be more impactful when they disrupt expectations or plans that were based on positive assumptions.
When people hold positive assumptions about the future or their circumstances, and those assumptions are shattered by unexpected and unfortunate events, it can lead to a heightened sense of disappointment, shock, or grief. The contrast between what was anticipated and what actually occurs can make the impact of a tragedy more profound.
However, it’s important to note that tragedies can also arise without any preceding positive assumptions. They can be unpredictable events that occur independently of our expectations. Life is inherently uncertain, and unforeseen circumstances can disrupt our lives regardless of our outlook on the future.
In coping with tragedy, resilience and adaptability become crucial. It involves the ability to navigate through unexpected challenges and find ways to rebuild and move forward, even when positive assumptions are shattered.
Shervan K Shahhian

Can Fluoride hurt Adult Cognition:

Can Fluoride hurt Adult Cognition:

The potential impact of fluoride on adult cognition is a topic of ongoing research and debate.

Here’s an overview of current knowledge on the subject:

Fluoride and Adult Cognition

Low to Moderate Fluoride Levels:

Fluoride is widely used in water fluoridation and dental products to prevent tooth decay.
The levels of fluoride typically found in fluoridated drinking water are considered safe by most public health organizations, including the CDC and WHO. There is no strong evidence to suggest that such levels adversely affect adult cognition.
BUT SOME SAY THAT FLOURIDE IS HARMFUL, please consult experts in the field!

High Fluoride Levels:

Studies in areas with naturally high fluoride levels in water have raised concerns about potential neurotoxicity. Some observational studies have linked chronic exposure to very high fluoride levels with cognitive issues in adults, but these are often confounded by other factors like nutrition, socioeconomic conditions, or exposure to other contaminants (e.g., arsenic).

Occupational Exposure:

Workers in industries where fluoride exposure is particularly high (e.g., aluminum smelting) may experience neurological symptoms or cognitive changes. These effects are typically associated with prolonged and excessive fluoride exposure.

Mechanisms of Concern:

Some animal and cell studies suggest that high fluoride exposure could interfere with neurochemical signaling, increase oxidative stress, or impair mitochondrial function. However, these findings are not directly translatable to typical human exposure scenarios.

Controversies and Limitations

Limited Data in Adults: Most fluoride-cognition studies have focused on children, particularly in regions with extreme fluoride levels. Research on adults is relatively scarce and often observational.
Methodological Challenges: Many studies have limitations, including small sample sizes, lack of control for confounding variables, and reliance on self-reported outcomes.

Public Health Consensus

Health authorities like the CDC, EPA, and WHO generally regard fluoridation at recommended levels as safe and beneficial for dental health. However, they also advocate for monitoring fluoride exposure, particularly in areas with high natural fluoride levels.

Bottom Line

At typical exposure levels in fluoridated water, there is some evidence to suggest fluoride negatively affects adult cognition. However, high fluoride exposure, such as from natural water sources in certain regions, may pose Serious risks. More high-quality research is needed to fully understand the long-term cognitive effects of fluoride on adults.

Shervan K Shahhian

Socioeconomic disparities, an explanation:

Socioeconomic disparities, an explanation:

Socioeconomic disparities refer to the differences in economic and social outcomes between various groups in a society, often based on factors such as income, education, occupation, and access to resources. These disparities can manifest in various ways and impact individuals and communities differently.

Key components of socioeconomic disparities include:

Income Inequality: Differences in the distribution of income among individuals or groups within a society. This can lead to disparities in living standards, access to essential services, and overall quality of life.

Educational Disparities: Variances in educational opportunities and outcomes among different socioeconomic groups. This may include differences in access to quality education, educational attainment, and the ability to pursue higher education.

Occupational Disparities: Unequal access to employment opportunities, career advancement, and job security based on socioeconomic factors. Certain groups may face barriers in entering specific professions or industries.

Wealth Disparities: Discrepancies in the accumulation of assets and wealth among different segments of the population. Wealth disparities can have long-term effects on economic stability and opportunities for future generations.

Health Disparities: Varied health outcomes and access to healthcare services based on socioeconomic status. Lower-income individuals and communities may face challenges in accessing quality healthcare, leading to differences in health outcomes.

Housing Disparities: Inequities in access to safe, affordable housing. Socioeconomic factors can influence the quality of housing and neighborhoods, impacting overall living conditions.

Social Mobility: Differences in the ability of individuals to move up or down the social and economic ladder. In societies with low social mobility, individuals may find it difficult to improve their socioeconomic status.

Digital Divide: Disparities in access to technology and digital resources. Limited access to the internet and technology can hinder educational and economic opportunities for certain groups.

Socioeconomic disparities are complex and interconnected, often reinforcing and perpetuating each other. Addressing these disparities requires comprehensive strategies that encompass economic policies, education reforms, healthcare access improvements, and social initiatives aimed at promoting equality and reducing systemic barriers.

Shervan K Shahhian

Professional Socialization, what is it:

Professional socialization, what is it:

Professional socialization refers to the process through which individuals acquire the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors necessary to function effectively within a specific profession or occupational group. This process typically occurs as individuals transition from being novices to becoming fully integrated and competent members of their chosen professional community.

Professional socialization involves learning not only the technical aspects of a profession but also the cultural norms, values, ethics, and social expectations associated with it. This process can take place through formal education, on-the-job training, mentorship, social interactions with colleagues, and exposure to the professional environment.

Key components of professional socialization include:

Education and Training: Formal education programs, such as academic degrees, certifications, and vocational training, provide individuals with foundational knowledge and skills related to their profession.

Mentorship: Guidance from experienced professionals helps newcomers navigate the complexities of their field, offering insights into best practices, ethical considerations, and unwritten rules.

Organizational Culture: Professionals learn about the values, norms, and expectations of their specific workplace or industry. This includes understanding how decisions are made, communication styles, and the overall work environment.

Role Modeling: Observing and emulating the behavior of experienced professionals can be a powerful way for individuals to learn the expected conduct within their profession.

Social Interaction: Networking, participating in professional associations, and engaging with colleagues contribute to a deeper understanding of the social aspects of the profession. This includes building relationships, collaboration, and effective communication.

Continuing Education: Given the dynamic nature of many professions, ongoing learning and staying updated on industry trends and advancements are crucial for maintaining competence.

Professional socialization is essential for creating a sense of identity and belonging within a professional community. It helps individuals adapt to the values and expectations of their chosen field, fostering a shared understanding of what it means to be a competent and ethical professional.

Shervan K Shahhian

a Responsible Gaming Program, an explanation:

a Responsible gaming program, an explanation:

“The Best Gaming Program is NOT TO GAMBLE. Gambling Can Destroy Your Life, Please Do Not Gamble.”

A Responsible Gaming Program is a set of policies, procedures, and practices implemented by gaming operators or organizations to promote responsible gambling behaviors and minimize the potential harm associated with gambling. The primary aim of such a program is to ensure that individuals gamble in a safe and controlled manner, while also addressing issues related to problem gambling.

Key components of a Responsible Gaming Program typically include:

Education and Awareness: Providing information to customers about the risks associated with gambling, including the potential for addiction, financial problems, and other negative consequences. This may involve displaying warning signs, distributing educational materials, and offering resources for individuals seeking help.

Self-Exclusion Programs: Offering mechanisms for individuals to voluntarily exclude themselves from gambling activities for a specified period or indefinitely. This allows individuals struggling with gambling addiction to take proactive steps to limit their exposure to gambling environments.

Responsible Marketing Practices: Ensuring that advertising and promotional materials are not misleading or targeted towards vulnerable populations, such as minors or individuals with gambling problems. This may involve adhering to strict advertising guidelines and avoiding tactics that may encourage excessive or irresponsible gambling.

Staff Training and Support: Training employees to recognize signs of problem gambling and equipping them with the skills to intervene appropriately. This may include providing resources for staff members to refer customers to support services or offering counseling and support for employees who may be affected by the challenges of dealing with problem gambling.

Financial Controls: Implementing measures to prevent money laundering, underage gambling, and excessive spending. This may include setting limits on deposits, implementing age verification checks, and monitoring customer behavior for signs of problematic gambling patterns.

Collaboration with Stakeholders: Working with regulators, government agencies, non-profit organizations, and other stakeholders to develop and implement effective responsible gaming policies and initiatives. This may involve participating in industry-wide initiatives, sharing best practices, and supporting research on gambling-related issues.

Overall, a Responsible Gaming Program aims to create a safe and enjoyable gambling environment that minimizes harm and promotes positive gambling experiences for all participants. By addressing issues related to problem gambling proactively, gaming operators can demonstrate their commitment to social responsibility and contribute to the well-being of their customers and communities.

Shervan K Shahhian

The horror of Pain Pill Addiction:

The horror of Pain pill addiction:

Pain pill addiction, also known as opioid addiction, can be a harrowing and devastating experience for individuals and their loved ones. Opioids are a class of drugs that include prescription medications like oxycodone, hydrocodone, and morphine, as well as illicit substances such as heroin. These drugs are commonly prescribed for pain management, but their misuse can lead to addiction.

Here are some aspects that contribute to the horror of pain pill addiction:

Physical Dependence: Opioids can lead to physical dependence, where the body becomes accustomed to the presence of the drug. This can result in withdrawal symptoms when the drug is not taken, making it difficult for individuals to quit.

Tolerance: Over time, individuals may develop tolerance to opioids, requiring higher doses to achieve the same level of pain relief. This escalation can contribute to the cycle of addiction as people increase their dosage to manage both pain and cravings.

Psychological Impact: Pain pill addiction takes a toll on mental health. Individuals may experience anxiety, depression, and mood swings. The constant preoccupation with obtaining and using the drug can lead to strained relationships and social isolation.

Financial Consequences: Maintaining an opioid addiction can be financially burdensome. Individuals may spend significant amounts of money to acquire prescription medications illegally or turn to illicit drugs like heroin, exacerbating the financial strain on themselves and their families.

Health Risks: Opioid abuse is associated with various health risks, including respiratory depression, overdose, and an increased likelihood of contracting infections (such as HIV or hepatitis) through the sharing of needles in the case of heroin use.

Legal Issues: Obtaining opioids without a prescription or using them in ways not prescribed is illegal. People with pain pill addictions may find themselves facing legal consequences, which can further complicate their lives.

Overdose and Death: The most severe consequence of pain pill addiction is the risk of overdose, which can be fatal. Opioid overdoses suppress the respiratory system, leading to respiratory failure.

Impact on Families: The horror of pain pill addiction extends to the families and loved ones of individuals struggling with this condition. Witnessing a family member’s decline, dealing with financial difficulties, and coping with the emotional strain can be overwhelming.

Overcoming pain pill addiction typically requires a comprehensive approach, involving medical intervention, counseling, and support from friends and family. It’s crucial for individuals facing addiction to seek professional help to navigate the challenging journey of recovery.

Shervan K Shahhian

Understanding Drug induced violence:

Understanding Drug induced violence:

The term “drug-induced violence” generally refers to violent behavior or actions that are influenced or triggered by the consumption of drugs. This phenomenon is complex and can involve various substances, each with its own set of effects on individuals. It’s important to note that not all drugs lead to violence, and the relationship between drug use and violent behavior is influenced by multiple factors, including the type of drug, individual characteristics, dosage, and environmental context.

Here are some key points to consider when trying to understand drug-induced violence:

Psychoactive effects: Certain drugs can alter an individual’s mental state, leading to impaired judgment, increased impulsivity, and diminished inhibitions. This altered state can contribute to an increased likelihood of engaging in violent behavior.

Stimulant drugs: Substances such as cocaine, methamphetamine, and some prescription stimulants can enhance aggression and hostility. These drugs may also lead to paranoia and hallucinations, potentially escalating violent tendencies.

Depressant drugs: While substances like alcohol and benzodiazepines are depressants and can initially have a calming effect, they can also impair cognitive function and lead to disinhibition. In some cases, this disinhibition may result in aggressive or violent behavior.

Drug markets and disputes: Violence can also be associated with the illegal drug trade. Conflicts over territory, disputes between individuals involved in drug trafficking, and competition among drug users can lead to violent confrontations.

Polydrug use: The simultaneous use of multiple substances can increase the risk of violent behavior. The interaction between different drugs can produce unpredictable effects on an individual’s mental and physical state.

Underlying issues: Drug use may exacerbate existing psychological or behavioral issues. Individuals with pre-existing aggression or violent tendencies may be more prone to expressing these behaviors under the influence of drugs.

Societal factors: Economic and social factors, such as poverty, lack of education, and limited access to healthcare, can contribute to drug abuse and, consequently, an increased risk of violence.

It’s crucial to approach the topic with nuance, recognizing that not everyone who uses drugs engages in violent behavior. Moreover, many individuals with substance use disorders can benefit from treatment and support to address the root causes of their drug use and reduce the associated risks of violence. Public health measures, education, and rehabilitation efforts play essential roles in mitigating drug-induced violence.

Shervan K Shahhian

Adult Intellectual Disability, (A.I.D.) a great explanation:

Adult Intellectual Disability, (A.I.D.) a great explanation:

Intellectual disability, also known as intellectual developmental disorder or mental retardation, is a condition characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. This condition originates before the age of 18 and significantly impacts a person’s everyday social and practical skills.

Here are key components to help explain adult intellectual disability:

Intellectual Functioning:

Intellectual functioning refers to a person’s mental capacity, including their ability to learn, reason, problem-solve, and comprehend information.
Individuals with intellectual disabilities typically have below-average intellectual functioning, often measured by an IQ test. The cutoff for diagnosing intellectual disability is usually an IQ score below 70.

Adaptive Behavior:

Adaptive behavior involves the practical skills necessary for daily life. These skills include communication, self-care, socialization, and independent living.
People with intellectual disabilities may struggle with one or more areas of adaptive behavior, making it challenging for them to cope with the demands of everyday life.

Onset Before 18 Years:

Intellectual disabilities manifest during the developmental period, before the age of 18. This sets it apart from conditions that may emerge later in life.
Early identification and intervention are crucial to providing appropriate support and improving outcomes.

Severity Levels:

Intellectual disabilities can range from mild to severe, and the level of impairment influences an individual’s ability to function independently.
Mild intellectual disabilities may allow individuals to acquire practical skills with support, while severe cases may require ongoing assistance for basic daily activities.

Causes:

Intellectual disabilities can result from a variety of factors, including genetic conditions, prenatal exposure to toxins or infections, complications during birth, and environmental factors.
Some cases have no identifiable cause.

Support and Interventions:

People with intellectual disabilities benefit from individualized support and interventions tailored to their specific needs.
Educational programs, vocational training, behavioral therapies, and community inclusion initiatives can contribute to enhancing their quality of life.

Respect and Inclusion:

It’s important to approach individuals with intellectual disabilities with respect and empathy, recognizing their unique strengths and abilities.
Promoting inclusivity and creating supportive environments helps them lead fulfilling lives and actively participate in their communities.

Understanding and addressing the needs of individuals with intellectual disabilities require a comprehensive and compassionate approach, involving collaboration among educators, healthcare professionals, families, and the broader community.

Shervan K Shahhian

Intellectual Disabilities (I.D.) and its levels:

Intellectual Disabilities (I.D.) and its levels:

Intellectual disabilities (ID), also known as intellectual developmental disorders or cognitive disabilities, refer to a group of conditions characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors. These limitations can affect a person’s ability to learn, reason, problem-solve, and adapt to daily life.

Intellectual disabilities are typically classified into different levels based on the severity of the condition. The three main levels are mild, moderate, and severe/profound. Here is a brief overview of each level:

Mild Intellectual Disability:

IQ Range: 50–70
Individuals with mild intellectual disabilities often have slower-than-average intellectual development but can generally learn practical life skills and may be able to live independently with some support.
They may face challenges in academic settings but can benefit from special education and support services.

Moderate Intellectual Disability:

IQ Range: 35–50 to 50–70
Individuals with moderate intellectual disabilities may require more significant support in areas such as communication, self-care, and social skills.
They may benefit from vocational training and supervised work environments. Daily living activities may still be challenging without support.

Severe Intellectual Disability:

IQ Range: 20–35 to 35–50
Individuals with severe intellectual disabilities typically require extensive support in all aspects of daily living, including personal care and communication.
They may have limited communication skills and may benefit from structured environments, specialized education, and ongoing assistance.

Profound Intellectual Disability:

IQ Range: Below 20–25
Individuals with profound intellectual disabilities have significant cognitive impairments and often have multiple physical and sensory disabilities as well.
They require intensive, constant support for all aspects of daily living. Medical and therapeutic interventions are often necessary.

It’s important to note that these classifications are general guidelines, and the specific needs and abilities of individuals with intellectual disabilities can vary widely. Additionally, the field of intellectual and developmental disabilities recognizes the importance of focusing on an individual’s strengths and promoting their independence and quality of life regardless of their level of disability.

Shervan K Shahhian