Tag Archives: therapy

Trauma resolution, what is that:

Trauma resolution, what is that:

Trauma resolution refers to the process of addressing and alleviating the psychological and emotional effects of traumatic experiences. Trauma can result from various events, such as accidents, abuse, violence, natural disasters, or other distressing incidents that overwhelm an individual’s ability to cope.

The goal of trauma resolution is to help individuals integrate and make sense of their traumatic experiences, allowing them to move forward and regain a sense of control and well-being. This process typically involves therapeutic interventions designed to promote healing and recovery.

Here are some common approaches to trauma resolution:

Therapeutic Counseling/Psychotherapy: Mental health professionals, such as psychologists, psychiatrists, or counselors, use various therapeutic approaches to help individuals process and understand their traumatic experiences. This may include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), or other trauma-focused therapies.

Support Groups: Participating in support groups with individuals who have experienced similar traumas can provide a sense of validation and understanding. Sharing experiences with others who have gone through similar challenges can foster a sense of community and reduce feelings of isolation.

Mindfulness and Meditation: Practices such as mindfulness and meditation can help individuals become more aware of their thoughts and emotions, promoting a sense of grounding and calm. Mindfulness-based interventions are often used in trauma therapy to help individuals manage distressing memories and emotions.

Medication: In some cases, medication may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms associated with trauma, such as anxiety or depression. This is often used in conjunction with psychotherapy.

Art and Expressive Therapies: Creative approaches like art therapy, music therapy, or dance/movement therapy can provide alternative ways for individuals to express and process their emotions, especially when verbal communication is challenging.

It’s important to note that the process of trauma resolution is unique to each individual, and there is no one-size-fits-all approach. A skilled mental health professional will tailor interventions to the specific needs and preferences of the person seeking help. Additionally, the process may take time, and progress may vary from person to person.

Shervan K Shahhian

EMDR and REM sleep, the connection:

EMDR and REM sleep, the connection:

EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a psychotherapy approach that was originally developed to help individuals process traumatic memories. It involves a structured eight-phase treatment that includes bilateral stimulation (such as side-to-side eye movements), which is thought to assist the brain in processing disturbing memories and reducing their emotional intensity.

The connection between EMDR and REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep is a topic of interest, as both involve eye movements. However, the mechanisms and purposes of these eye movements are different.

During REM sleep, the eyes move rapidly in various directions, and this stage is associated with vivid dreaming. REM sleep is a natural part of the sleep cycle and is thought to play a role in memory consolidation and emotional regulation.

In the case of EMDR, the eye movements are deliberate and guided by a therapist during waking hours. The goal is to facilitate the processing of traumatic memories and to help the individual reprocess and integrate these memories in a less distressing way.

While there is some speculation about the similarities between the eye movements in EMDR and those during REM sleep, the exact connection is not fully understood. Some theories suggest that the bilateral stimulation used in EMDR may mimic certain aspects of the information processing that occurs during REM sleep, potentially aiding in memory reprocessing. However, more research is needed to establish a clear link between the two phenomena.

It’s important to note that EMDR is an evidence-based psychotherapeutic approach with a growing body of research supporting its effectiveness, but the specific role of eye movements in this process is still an area of ongoing investigation and discussion in the scientific community.

Shervan K Shahhian

Talking about Trauma is not processing the Trauma:

Talking about Trauma is not processing the Trauma:

The relationship between talking about trauma and processing trauma is complex and can vary from person to person. In general, however, talking about trauma is often considered a crucial step in the process of healing and recovery. Here are some key points to consider:

Acknowledgment and Expression: Talking about trauma can help individuals acknowledge and express their emotions and experiences. Verbalizing these feelings may provide a sense of validation and relief, as it allows individuals to confront and make sense of their experiences.

Normalization: Discussing trauma can help normalize the emotions and reactions associated with it. Understanding that one’s responses are common reactions to an abnormal situation can reduce feelings of isolation and self-blame.

Building Support: Sharing one’s trauma with trusted individuals, such as friends, family, or a therapist, can help build a support system. Having a supportive environment is crucial for healing and can provide a sense of safety and understanding.

Gaining Perspective: Talking about trauma may offer individuals a different perspective on their experiences. It can be an opportunity to reframe thoughts, challenge negative beliefs, and develop a more adaptive understanding of the events.

Processing Traumatic Memories: While talking alone may not fully process trauma, it can be an essential first step. Some therapeutic approaches, such as trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), involve more structured methods for processing traumatic memories.

It’s important to note that not everyone may find talking about trauma immediately helpful or comfortable. Some individuals may need time to build trust with a therapist or support system before they feel ready to discuss their experiences.

Ultimately, processing trauma is a multidimensional and individualized journey. Professional mental health support can be valuable in guiding individuals through this process and providing appropriate tools and techniques for healing.

Shervan K Shahhian

In EMDR the client has control:

In EMDR the client has control:

In Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), the therapeutic process is structured to provide the client with a significant degree of control. EMDR is a psychotherapeutic approach that was originally developed to help individuals process distressing memories and experiences, particularly those associated with trauma.

Here’s how client control is typically emphasized in EMDR:

Client-Centered Approach: EMDR is based on a client-centered therapeutic approach. The therapist works collaboratively with the client to identify target memories or experiences that are causing distress. The client is actively involved in the therapeutic process, providing information and feedback.

Dual Attention Stimulus: The core component of EMDR involves the use of bilateral stimulation, such as side-to-side eye movements, auditory tones, or tapping. During this phase, clients are encouraged to allow their minds to wander and notice whatever thoughts, feelings, or images arise. The therapist doesn’t direct the content but facilitates the client’s natural processing.

Stop and Start: Clients are given the ability to stop the bilateral stimulation at any time during the process. If the client becomes overwhelmed or needs a break, they have the autonomy to pause the EMDR session. This empowers clients to manage their own pace and comfort level.

Subjective Units of Disturbance (SUD) Scale: Clients use a subjective rating scale, often referred to as the SUD scale, to assess the level of distress associated with a specific memory or experience before and after processing. This scale provides a quantitative measure, allowing clients to gauge their own progress.

Feedback and Processing: Throughout the EMDR process, therapists regularly check in with clients to gather feedback on their experiences. This ongoing dialogue helps tailor the therapy to the individual’s needs and ensures that the client feels in control of the therapeutic process.

It’s important to note that while clients have control during EMDR, the therapy is typically conducted by trained mental health professionals who guide and support the process. The therapist’s role is to facilitate the client’s natural adaptive processing and help create a safe and supportive environment.

Shervan K Shahhian

Standard EMDR processes:

Standard EMDR processes:

EMDR, or Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, is a psychotherapy approach developed by Francine Shapiro to help people process distressing memories. It’s particularly effective for individuals who have experienced trauma. The standard EMDR protocol involves the following phases:

History-taking and Treatment Planning:

  • The therapist gathers information about the client’s history and identifies target memories or events to be processed.
  • Treatment goals and a plan are discussed.

Preparation:

  • The therapist explains the EMDR process and helps the client develop coping mechanisms and relaxation techniques.
  • Establishing trust and rapport is crucial during this phase.

Assessment:

  • The target memory or event is identified, and the client is asked to recall the distressing image, negative self-belief, and related emotions and body sensations.
  • The client rates the subjective level of distress associated with the memory.

Desensitization:

  • The client focuses on the target memory while simultaneously engaging in bilateral stimulation, typically through side-to-side eye movements guided by the therapist.
  • Sets of eye movements are repeated until the distress associated with the memory decreases.

Installation:

  • Positive beliefs and emotions are targeted to replace the negative ones associated with the memory.
  • The client is guided to focus on a positive cognition while engaging in bilateral stimulation.

Body Scan:

  • The client is guided to notice any residual tension or discomfort in the body related to the memory.
  • Bilateral stimulation is used to help process any remaining distress.

Closure:

  • The therapist ensures that the client is in a stable state before ending the session.
  • The client is provided with tools for self-regulation between sessions.

Reevaluation:

  • At the beginning of each session, the therapist checks for any new material or associations related to the target memory.
  • If necessary, additional processing is done.

It’s important to note that while the standard EMDR protocol includes these phases, the approach is flexible and can be adapted based on the individual’s needs and circumstances. EMDR should be conducted by a trained and licensed mental health professional.

Shervan K Shahhian

EMDR might not be a Magic pill, why:

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a psychotherapy approach that was originally developed to treat individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). While many people have reported positive outcomes with EMDR, it is essential to understand that it is not a “magic pill” or a one-size-fits-all solution for everyone. Here are some reasons why EMDR may not be effective for everyone:

Individual Differences: People are unique, and what works for one person may not work as effectively for another. Some individuals may respond better to different therapeutic approaches based on their personality, experiences, and preferences.

Complexity of Trauma: While EMDR has shown success in treating PTSD, trauma is a complex and multifaceted experience. Some individuals may have multiple layers of trauma or may be dealing with additional mental health issues that require a more comprehensive treatment approach.

Therapist Competence: The effectiveness of EMDR is also influenced by the competence and skill of the therapist. A trained and experienced EMDR therapist is crucial for the proper administration of the therapy. If the therapist lacks skill or does not follow the prescribed protocols, the effectiveness of the treatment may be compromised.

Underlying Issues: EMDR may not address underlying issues that contribute to a person’s mental health challenges. For some individuals, a combination of therapeutic approaches or additional interventions may be necessary to address the root causes of their difficulties.

Not a Cure-All: EMDR is a tool within the broader field of psychotherapy. It may be effective for certain conditions, such as PTSD, but it may not be the most appropriate or effective treatment for other mental health disorders or issues.

Client Readiness: The success of EMDR and any therapeutic approach is also influenced by the client’s readiness and willingness to engage in the process. If an individual is not open to or ready for the therapy, its effectiveness may be limited.

It’s crucial to approach mental health treatment with an understanding that there is no one-size-fits-all solution. The effectiveness of any therapeutic approach, including EMDR, depends on various factors, and it may be necessary to explore different modalities or combinations of treatments to find what works best for an individual. Additionally, consulting with a mental health professional to determine the most appropriate treatment for a specific situation is always advisable.

Shervan K Shahhian

Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) , what is that:

Subjective units of Distress scale (SUDS) , what is that:

The Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS) is a self-reporting scale used in psychology and therapy to measure the intensity of a person’s subjective emotional distress or anxiety. It is a numerical rating scale that typically ranges from 0 to 100, with higher numbers indicating higher levels of distress.

Individuals are asked to rate their current level of distress or anxiety on the scale based on their own subjective experience. This allows therapists, counselors, or researchers to obtain a quantifiable measure of the person’s emotional state. SUDS is commonly used in various therapeutic approaches, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and exposure therapy, to assess changes in distress levels over time or in response to specific interventions.

For example, in exposure therapy, a person may gradually confront a feared situation or object, and their SUDS rating is taken before, during, and after the exposure to track the reduction in distress over time. It provides a useful tool for both clients and therapists to communicate and monitor progress in the treatment of anxiety-related conditions.

Shervan K Shahhian

Eight phases of EMDR, what are they:

Eight phases of EMDR, what are they:

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a therapeutic approach commonly used to treat trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). EMDR involves a structured eight-phase process to help individuals process distressing memories and experiences. The eight phases of EMDR are as follows:

History-taking and Treatment Planning:

  • The therapist gathers information about the client’s history, trauma experiences, and current symptoms.
  • Treatment goals are established, and the therapist and client collaborate on a treatment plan.

Preparation:

  • The therapist educates the client about the EMDR process and helps them develop coping strategies to manage emotional distress.
  • Establishing a therapeutic alliance and building trust between the client and therapist is crucial in this phase.

Assessment:

  • Specific target memories or experiences are identified for processing.
  • Associated negative beliefs about oneself and positive beliefs are determined.
  • Disturbing emotions and physical sensations related to the target are assessed.

Desensitization:

  • The client focuses on the identified target memory while simultaneously engaging in bilateral stimulation, typically through side-to-side eye movements, auditory tones, or other forms of bilateral stimulation.
  • The goal is to facilitate the processing of the traumatic memory, reducing its emotional charge.

Installation:

  • Positive beliefs are targeted and strengthened through bilateral stimulation.
  • The positive cognition is associated with the previously disturbing memory.

Body Scan:

  • The client identifies and addresses any residual physical tension or discomfort associated with the targeted memory.
  • Bilateral stimulation is used to help release any remaining physical tension.

Closure:

  • The therapist ensures that the client is in a stable state before ending the session.
  • Coping strategies are reinforced, and the client is encouraged to use them between sessions.

Reevaluation:

  • In subsequent sessions, the therapist and client review progress and address any remaining issues.
  • Additional memories or aspects may be targeted for processing if needed.

It’s important to note that EMDR should be conducted by a trained and licensed mental health professional. The eight phases provide a structured framework for the therapeutic process, helping individuals work through and integrate traumatic experiences.

Shervan K Shahhian