A Therapeutic Community (TC):

Therapeutic Community:

A therapeutic community (TC) is a structured and immersive treatment environment designed to facilitate personal growth, healing, and recovery from various psychological and behavioral issues. It is commonly used in the field of mental health and addiction treatment.

In a therapeutic community, individuals with similar challenges come together to create a supportive and therapeutic community. The primary goal is to provide a safe and structured environment where individuals can explore and address the underlying causes of their difficulties. The community functions as a microcosm of society, offering opportunities for individuals to learn and practice new behaviors, develop healthy relationships, and acquire skills necessary for successful reintegration into the larger community.

Key features of a therapeutic community may include:

Community as Method: The community itself becomes an essential part of the therapeutic process. Participants engage in various communal activities, such as group therapy, group decision-making, and shared responsibilities within the community.
Peer Support: Mutual support among community members is a fundamental aspect of a therapeutic community. Peers provide encouragement, empathy, and feedback, fostering a sense of belonging and acceptance.
Therapeutic Environment: The physical environment is designed to promote personal growth and self-reflection. This may include comfortable living spaces, common areas for group activities, and spaces for individual reflection.
Holistic Approach: Therapeutic communities typically adopt a holistic approach to treatment, considering the psychological, emotional, physical, and social dimensions of a person’s well-being. Various therapeutic modalities, such as counseling, group therapy, vocational training, and recreational activities, may be incorporated.
Shared Responsibility: Participants are encouraged to actively engage in decision-making processes within the community. This shared responsibility fosters a sense of ownership and accountability, promoting personal growth and autonomy.

Therapeutic communities can be found in residential treatment centers, inpatient facilities, or as part of community-based programs. They are often used in the treatment of substance abuse, mental health disorders, and other behavioral issues, providing individuals with a supportive and transformative environment to facilitate their recovery and overall well-being.

Shervan K Shahhian

What we should know about Behavioral genetics:

Behavioral genetics is a field of study that investigates the role of genetic and environmental factors in shaping human behavior. It aims to understand how genes and the environment interact to influence various traits, including personality, intelligence, mental health, and social behaviors. Here are some key points to know about behavioral genetics:

Nature vs. Nurture: Behavioral genetics explores the complex interplay between nature (genetic factors) and nurture (environmental factors) in determining behavior. It recognizes that both genetic and environmental influences contribute to individual differences in behavior.
Heritability: Heritability is a statistical estimate that quantifies the proportion of phenotypic variation in a population that can be attributed to genetic differences. It does not indicate the extent to which an individual’s behavior is influenced by genes. Rather, it provides an estimate of the relative importance of genetic factors in explaining the observed variation in a trait within a particular population at a given time.
Twin and Family Studies: Twin studies, especially those involving identical (monozygotic) and fraternal (dizygotic) twins, are commonly employed in behavioral genetics. By comparing the similarities and differences in behavioral traits between different types of twins, researchers can estimate the contribution of genetic and environmental factors. Family studies, adoption studies, and studies involving twins reared apart are also conducted to examine genetic and environmental influences.
Molecular Genetics: Advances in molecular genetics have allowed researchers to identify specific genes associated with certain behavioral traits. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are commonly employed to identify genetic variants linked to behavioral outcomes. However, it is important to note that individual genes usually have small effects, and the interplay of multiple genes and environmental factors is crucial in determining behavior.
Gene-Environment Interaction: Gene-environment interaction refers to the phenomenon where genetic factors influence the way individuals respond to environmental factors. Genes can modulate an individual’s sensitivity or susceptibility to particular environmental conditions, and environmental factors can modify gene expression. Understanding these interactions helps elucidate the complex relationship between genetics and behavior.
Epigenetics: Epigenetics studies modifications to gene expression that occur without changes to the underlying DNA sequence. It explores how environmental factors can influence gene expression and behavior by modifying the activity of genes. Epigenetic mechanisms play a role in mediating the effects of both genetic and environmental factors on behavior.
Neurogenetics: Neurogenetics investigates the genetic underpinnings of the structure and function of the brain and their relationship to behavior. It explores how genetic variations can influence the development, organization, and functioning of the nervous system, ultimately impacting behavior and cognition.

Behavioral genetics is a multidisciplinary field that combines genetics, psychology, neuroscience, and statistics to unravel the complex interplay between genes, environment, and behavior. It provides valuable insights into the understanding of human behavior, mental health disorders, and individual differences, contributing to fields like personalized medicine, psychology, and educational interventions.

Shervan K Shahhian

The importance of Pediatric Psychology?

Pediatric psychology is a specialized branch of psychology that focuses on the psychological well-being and development of children and adolescents. It plays a crucial role in understanding and addressing the unique mental health needs of young individuals. Here are some reasons highlighting the importance of pediatric psychology:

Early intervention: Children’s mental health issues can have long-term consequences if left unaddressed. Pediatric psychologists work with young patients to identify and intervene early in case of developmental delays, learning difficulties, behavioral problems, emotional challenges, and mental disorders. Timely intervention can significantly improve outcomes and prevent future complications.

Comprehensive assessment: Pediatric psychologists conduct thorough assessments to evaluate a child’s cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning. These assessments help identify potential issues, diagnose mental health conditions, and design appropriate treatment plans. The comprehensive evaluation process provides valuable insights for tailored interventions and support.

Holistic approach: Pediatric psychologists take a holistic approach by considering various factors that influence a child’s well-being, including family dynamics, school environment, social interactions, and physical health. They collaborate with other professionals, such as pediatricians, educators, and therapists, to ensure coordinated care and address the child’s needs comprehensively.

Support for developmental challenges: Children may face various developmental challenges, such as autism spectrum disorders, ADHD, learning disabilities, or emotional disturbances. Pediatric psychologists specialize in understanding and supporting these challenges through evidence-based interventions, therapy, and behavioral management techniques. They help children build essential skills, cope with difficulties, and achieve their full potential.

Promotion of mental health and resilience: Pediatric psychologists play a crucial role in promoting positive mental health and resilience in children and adolescents. They teach coping strategies, stress management techniques, and emotional regulation skills to enhance children’s well-being. By addressing early signs of distress or mental health issues, they can help prevent more severe problems in the future.

Parental guidance and support: Pediatric psychologists provide guidance and support to parents and caregivers. They help parents understand their child’s unique needs, provide effective parenting strategies, and enhance the parent-child relationship. This support is essential for fostering a nurturing and supportive environment that promotes a child’s psychological well-being.

Advocacy and public health: Pediatric psychologists contribute to the broader field of child mental health by conducting research, advocating for policies and programs, and promoting awareness. They contribute to the development of evidence-based interventions, participate in community initiatives, and work towards improving the overall mental health support system for children and families.

In summary, pediatric psychology is of utmost importance as it addresses the specific mental health needs of children and adolescents, supports their healthy development, intervenes early in case of difficulties, and promotes overall well-being. By focusing on the unique aspects of childhood, pediatric psychologists play a vital role in shaping healthier and happier futures for young individuals.

Shervan K Shahhian

How can one possibly Overcome Social Anxiety

How can one possibly Overcome Social Anxiety:

Overcoming social anxiety is a gradual and often challenging process, but with dedication and the right strategies, it is possible to manage and reduce its impact. Here are some steps that can help:

Seek Professional Help: Consider reaching out to a mental health professional, such as a therapist or counselor, who specializes in anxiety disorders. They can provide you with personalized guidance and evidence-based therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or exposure therapy, which are effective in treating social anxiety.
Educate Yourself: Learn more about social anxiety and its underlying causes. Understanding the psychological and physiological aspects of anxiety can help you demystify your experiences and reduce the stigma associated with it.
Practice Mindfulness and Relaxation Techniques: Techniques like deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and meditation can help you manage the physical symptoms of anxiety and stay grounded in the present moment.
Challenge Negative Thoughts: Pay attention to your self-talk and challenge negative, self-critical thoughts. Use techniques from cognitive-behavioral therapy to reframe irrational beliefs and replace them with more balanced and realistic ones.
Set Realistic Goals: Start small by gradually exposing yourself to social situations that trigger anxiety. Break down larger goals into smaller, achievable steps. Celebrate your successes along the way.
Practice Exposure: Gradual exposure to anxiety-provoking situations is a key component of overcoming social anxiety. Start with situations that cause mild discomfort and work your way up to more challenging scenarios. The goal is to desensitize yourself to these situations over time.
Build Social Skills: Consider taking social skills training or joining a support group where you can practice interacting with others in a safe and non-judgmental environment.
Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate sleep can positively impact your overall mental health and reduce anxiety.
Avoid Alcohol and Drugs: These substances can exacerbate anxiety and make it more difficult to manage social situations.
Set Realistic Expectations: Remember that progress takes time. Be patient with yourself and acknowledge that setbacks are a normal part of the process.
Utilize Technology: There are many apps and online resources designed to help with anxiety and social anxiety. These tools can provide exercises, guided meditations, and other strategies to help you manage your symptoms.
Engage in Positive Self-Talk: Practice self-compassion and speak to yourself in a kind and understanding manner. Treat yourself with the same kindness you would offer to a friend.
Celebrate Your Achievements: Acknowledge and celebrate your successes, no matter how small. Each step you take toward managing your social anxiety is a significant accomplishment.

Remember that overcoming social anxiety is a gradual journey, and it’s okay to ask for support along the way. Surround yourself with a supportive network of friends, family, and professionals who can provide encouragement and guidance as you work towards a more confident and fulfilling social life.

Shervan K Shahhian

Polyvagal Theory, what is it exactly:

Polyvagal Theory, what is it exactly: Polyvagal Theory is a neuroscientific theory developed by Dr. Stephen Porges in the 1990s. This theory provides insights into the autonomic nervous system’s (ANS) role in regulating our physiological responses and how these responses influence our behavior, emotions, and social interactions. The theory is named after the vagus nerve, a key component of the ANS. Here are the key concepts of Polyvagal Theory:

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS): The ANS is responsible for regulating involuntary physiological processes in the body, such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate. It consists of two branches: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
Three Neural Circuits: Polyvagal Theory posits that there are three distinct neural circuits within the PNS, each associated with different evolutionary stages and corresponding behavioral and physiological responses: a. Ventral Vagal Complex (VVC): This is the most recently evolved part of the vagus nerve and is associated with the social engagement system. When the VVC is active, individuals are in a state of calm, social engagement, and connection. This is when we are most receptive to social interactions, empathy, and communication. b. Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS): The SNS is responsible for the “fight or flight” response. It prepares the body for action in response to perceived threats, leading to increased heart rate, muscle tension, and decreased social engagement. c. Dorsal Vagal Complex (DVC): The DVC is associated with immobilization and shutdown responses. When the DVC is activated, it can lead to behaviors like withdrawal, dissociation, and even fainting. It’s a protective response that can be triggered when an individual perceives overwhelming danger.
Hierarchy of Responses: According to Polyvagal Theory, our autonomic nervous system responds hierarchically, with the VVC being the most evolved and socially engaged, followed by the SNS’s “fight or flight” response, and finally the DVC’s shutdown response as the last resort.
Trauma and Regulation: The theory suggests that individuals who have experienced trauma or have difficulty regulating their autonomic responses may become stuck in SNS or DVC states, leading to emotional and social difficulties.

Polyvagal Theory has been influential in fields such as psychology, psychiatry, and therapy because it helps professionals understand how the nervous system responds to stress and trauma. It has also led to the development of therapeutic interventions aimed at promoting regulation and social engagement, especially in individuals who have experienced trauma or struggle with emotional and social challenges. Overall, the theory provides a valuable framework for understanding the connection between our physiological responses and our emotional and social experiences.

Shervan K Shahhian

The sudden shock of a major event may disrupt normal Mental processes, why:

The sudden shock of a major event may disrupt normal Mental processes, why:

The sudden shock of a major event can disrupt normal mental processes for several reasons:

Fight-or-Flight Response: When confronted with a traumatic or unexpected event, the body activates the fight-or-flight response, releasing stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones prepare the body to respond to danger but can overwhelm the brain, impairing higher cognitive functions such as reasoning, memory, and decision-making.

Emotional Overload: A major event often triggers intense emotions such as fear, anger, or grief. These emotions can hijack our cognitive processes, making it difficult to think clearly or logically. The emotional center of the brain (the amygdala) takes over, leading to emotional responses that can disrupt rational thinking.

Disruption of Cognitive Balance: Our brains work best when we are in a state of equilibrium. A sudden shock can throw this balance off, making it difficult to concentrate, process information, or recall memories. Cognitive functions that rely on attention, focus, and working memory can become impaired.

Psychological Shock or Trauma: In the case of traumatic events, the mind may enter a state of shock as a defense mechanism. This can cause dissociation, a state where the person feels detached from reality, or denial, where they may have difficulty accepting the reality of the situation. These coping mechanisms can temporarily prevent normal processing of information.

Increased Stress: Chronic stress, especially from significant life events, can change the structure and function of the brain, particularly areas involved in memory, emotion, and cognition (e.g., the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex). This can cause long-term disruptions in mental processes.

Sleep Disruption: Stressful or traumatic events can disrupt sleep patterns, leading to further cognitive impairment. Sleep is essential for memory consolidation, emotional regulation, and overall mental clarity. Lack of rest can make it harder to process the event and regain cognitive equilibrium.

Sense of Helplessness or Loss of Control: Major events often challenge our sense of control or security. When we are suddenly faced with something we cannot change or anticipate, it can cause confusion and a sense of helplessness, impairing our ability to think through problems or make decisions.

All these factors combined can cause significant disruptions in our mental processes, and it may take time to process the event fully and regain normal cognitive functioning.

Shervan K Shahhian

Anxiety and Dementia, is there a link:

“PLEASE CONSULT WITH YOUR MEDICAL DOCTOR”

Anxiety and Dementia, is there a link:

Yes, there is evidence suggesting a link between anxiety and dementia. While research is ongoing, several key points highlight the relationship:
Anxiety as a Risk Factor for Dementia
Studies suggest that chronic anxiety, especially in midlife, may increase the risk of developing dementia later in life.
Anxiety can lead to prolonged activation of the body’s stress response, including increased levels of cortisol. High cortisol levels over time can damage brain regions associated with memory and cognition, such as the hippocampus.

1.“PLEASE CONSULT WITH YOUR MEDICAL DOCTOR”

Cognitive Impairment and Anxiety
Anxiety is common in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which can be a precursor to dementia. The presence of anxiety in MCI may accelerate the progression to dementia.
Anxiety can exacerbate cognitive symptoms, potentially creating a cycle where cognitive decline worsens anxiety, further impacting brain health.
Shared Underlying Mechanisms
Both anxiety and dementia may share overlapping biological mechanisms, such as inflammation, vascular changes, and alterations in neurotransmitter systems.
Anxiety disorders may also reflect an underlying vulnerability in brain networks, such as those involved in memory and emotional regulation.
Impact on Lifestyle Factors
Anxiety can affect behaviors that influence dementia risk, such as physical activity, diet, and sleep. Poor sleep, for instance, is both a consequence of anxiety and a risk factor for cognitive decline.
Anxiety in Dementia
Anxiety is also a common symptom in individuals already diagnosed with dementia, particularly in the earlier stages. It can be related to the individual’s awareness of their cognitive decline or fear of losing independence.
Implications for Prevention and Treatment
Managing anxiety through therapy, medication, mindfulness, or lifestyle changes may help mitigate some of the risks associated with cognitive decline.
Early intervention for anxiety disorders might be a protective factor against the development of dementia.

Shervan K Shahhian

Can the Menstrual Cycle effect the Mind:

Can the Menstrual Cycle effect the the Brain and the Mind:

“CONSULT WITH YOUR MEDICAL DOCTOR”

Yes, the menstrual cycle might affect both the brain and the mind. The fluctuations of hormones like estrogen and progesterone during the cycle might have measurable effects on brain function, mood, cognition, and overall mental well-being. Here’s how:

1. Hormonal Impact on the Brain:

“CONSULT WITH YOUR MEDICAL DOCTOR”

Estrogen: Peaks during the follicular phase and plays a role in neuroprotection, memory, and mood regulation. Higher estrogen levels can enhance cognitive functions, such as verbal memory and learning.
Progesterone: Dominates the luteal phase and has calming effects, as it (might) interacts with GABA (a neurotransmitter that promotes relaxation). However, for some, it may also contribute to mood swings or irritability.

2. Mood and Emotional Changes:

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS): Many individuals experience mood swings, anxiety, irritability, or sadness in the luteal phase before menstruation.
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD): A more severe form of PMS might/can significantly impact mental health and daily functioning.
Hormonal fluctuations might alter the activity of brain regions like the amygdala (associated with emotion) and prefrontal cortex (associated with decision-making and regulation).

3. Cognitive Function:

Some report changes in attention, memory, and problem-solving during different phases of their menstrual cycle.
Estrogen might enhance verbal and memory tasks, while progesterone might impair some aspects of spatial ability.

4. Stress and Anxiety:

Cortisol levels and the brain’s response to stress might be influenced by hormonal changes, potentially amplifying feelings of anxiety during certain phases.

5. Sleep Patterns:

Hormonal shifts, particularly a drop in progesterone before menstruation, might disrupt sleep, leading to fatigue and mood changes.

6. Neurological Conditions:

Conditions like migraines, epilepsy, or mood disorders (e.g., depression, bipolar disorder) may fluctuate in severity with the menstrual cycle due to hormonal influences on the brain.

Managing Brain and Mind Health During the Menstrual Cycle:

Track Your Cycle: Understanding your cycle can help identify patterns and prepare for specific challenges.
Lifestyle Adjustments: Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and good sleep hygiene can mitigate some symptoms.
Stress Management: Mindfulness, yoga, or other relaxation techniques can be beneficial.
Medical Support: For severe symptoms like PMDD, treatments such as hormonal therapies, antidepressants, or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) may be helpful.

Here are detailed strategies to support mental and cognitive health during the menstrual cycle:

1. Track and Understand Your Cycle

Symptom Journals: Note how you feel physically, emotionally, and cognitively throughout the month to identify patterns and triggers.

2. Nutritional Support

“CONSULT WITH YOUR MEDICAL DOCTOR”

Eat iron-rich foods (spinach, lentils) might replenish lost nutrients.
Incorporate anti-inflammatory foods like Turmeric, and Ginger to reduce cramps and fatigue.
Focus on foods that support energy and cognition, like complex carbs and omega-3 fatty acids.
Antioxidant-rich foods might help protect brain cells.

REDUCE/Minimize refined sugars and caffeine, which can exacerbate anxiety and mood swings.

3. Exercise and Physical Activity

Menstrual Phase:

Gentle activities like yoga, stretching, or light walking might reduce cramps and lift your mood.

Follicular Phase:

Higher energy levels (might) make this a great time for strength training, cardio, or high-intensity interval training (HIIT).

Luteal Phase:

Engage in moderate exercise (e.g., swimming, brisk walking) to combat fatigue and stress.
Yoga and Pilates might reduce tension and promote relaxation.

4. Sleep Hygiene

Prioritize Sleep: Aim for 7–9 hours per night. Hormonal shifts, especially a drop in certain hormones, might disrupt sleep, particularly in the luteal phase.
Maintain a consistent sleep schedule.
Create a calming bedtime routine: Use lavender essential oil, dim lighting, and relaxation techniques like deep breathing.

5. Stress Management Techniques

Meditation and Mindfulness: Apps like Headspace or Calm can help reduce anxiety and improve focus.

Shervan Shahhian

The benefits of Group Coaching in the Mental Health settings

Group coaching in mental health settings offers a variety of benefits for participants and facilitators. These benefits stem from the unique dynamics of group interactions and the supportive environment they create.

Here are some key advantages:

1. Shared Experiences and Normalization

Sense of Community: Group coaching fosters a sense of belonging as participants realize they are not alone in their challenges.
Normalization: Hearing others share similar struggles helps individuals feel understood and reduces feelings of isolation or stigma.

2. Cost-Effectiveness

Group sessions are often more affordable than one-on-one coaching, making mental health support accessible to more individuals.

3. Peer Support and Feedback

Participants benefit from diverse perspectives and insights shared by others in the group.
Peer support can inspire hope and motivate individuals to take action.

4. Skill Development in a Safe Environment

Group coaching provides a space to practice communication, social, and coping skills in real-time with others.
Facilitators can guide participants through exercises and discussions, helping them apply learned skills in their daily lives.

5. Enhanced Accountability and Motivation

Groups provide built-in accountability through shared goals and regular check-ins.
Witnessing others’ progress can encourage participants to stay committed to their own goals.

6. Empowerment Through Collective Wisdom

Participants draw on the collective knowledge and experiences of the group, which can lead to creative problem-solving and personal growth.
Sharing successes reinforces a sense of achievement and empowerment for both the individual and the group.

7. Therapeutic Effects of Giving

Contributing advice, support, or encouragement to others can be empowering and therapeutic for participants.

8. Diverse Perspectives

The variety of backgrounds and experiences in a group enriches discussions and widens understanding of mental health issues.

9. Structured yet Flexible Approach

Group coaching often follows a structured curriculum or framework, while allowing room for individual and group needs to guide discussions.

10. Efficiency for Coaches

Coaches can work with multiple clients simultaneously, maximizing their impact and time.

11. Adaptable to Various Needs

Group coaching can address a wide range of mental health topics, such as stress management, resilience building, or improving self-esteem.

Examples of Group Coaching Applications in Mental Health:

Mindfulness and Stress Reduction Groups: Teaching participants mindfulness techniques in a collaborative setting.
Resilience and Coping Skills: Helping individuals develop tools to manage anxiety, depression, or other challenges.
Behavioral Health Groups: Focused coaching for individuals with shared goals, such as weight management or addiction recovery.

Group coaching can be a powerful complement to individual therapy or coaching, offering unique benefits derived from group dynamics and shared human connection.

Shervan K Shahhian

How to manage feelings of Sadness & Fatigue:

How to manage feelings of Sadness & Fatigue:

“IF YOU or SOMEONE YOU KNOW IS IN CRISES, PLEASE CALL 911.”

“CALL, TEXT, or CHAT 988 or GO TO THE NEAREST EMERGENCY ROOM or HOSPITAL.”

Managing feelings of sadness and fatigue can be challenging, but there are strategies that may help. These feelings could stem from physical, emotional, or situational causes, so addressing them holistically is often the most effective approach.

Here’s a breakdown of ways to manage them:

1. Acknowledge Your Feelings

Accept your emotions without judgment. Recognizing sadness or fatigue is the first step toward addressing them.
Journaling can help you explore what might be triggering these feelings.

2. Take Care of Your Body

Sleep: Ensure you’re getting 7–9 hours of restful sleep. Establish a consistent sleep schedule and bedtime routine.
Nutrition: Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and protein. Avoid excessive caffeine or sugar, which can cause energy crashes.
Exercise: Regular physical activity, even gentle exercises like walking or yoga, can boost mood and energy levels by releasing endorphins.

3. Practice Stress Management

Relaxation Techniques: Try mindfulness, meditation, deep breathing exercises, or progressive muscle relaxation.
Set boundaries: Avoid overcommitting to activities or responsibilities that drain your energy.
Break tasks into small steps: Focus on one thing at a time to prevent overwhelm.

4. Seek Social Support

Talk to someone: Share your feelings with a trusted friend, family member, or therapist.
Engage with your community: Participate in activities that connect you with others, whether it’s volunteering, joining a class, or spending time with loved ones.

5. Engage in Activities You Enjoy

Pursue hobbies or activities that bring you joy, even if they feel hard to start at first.
Experiment with creative outlets like painting, writing, or playing music to express your emotions.

6. Limit Negative Influences

Reduce exposure to news or social media if they make you feel worse.
Avoid substances like alcohol or drugs, which can exacerbate feelings of sadness and fatigue.

7. Consider Professional Help

Therapy: A mental health professional can help you process your emotions and develop coping strategies.
Medical Check-up: Persistent fatigue or sadness could indicate underlying conditions like depression, anxiety, or physical health issues (e.g., thyroid problems, anemia). Consult a doctor to rule out these possibilities.

8. Establish a Routine

A daily routine can help you regain a sense of control and stability. Include time for self-care, rest, and enjoyable activities.

9. Be Patient with Yourself

Healing and managing emotions take time. Celebrate small victories and practice self-compassion along the way.

If your feelings of sadness and fatigue persist or worsen, it’s essential to seek professional support. You don’t have to face this alone, and help is available.

Shervan K Shahhian