Tag Archives: faith

We should , Have Hope in Humanity, why:

That’s a profound question — and one that cuts right to the heart of psychology, philosophy, and even spirituality.

We should have hope in humanity not because humanity is perfect, but because it is capable of growth, reflection, and renewal. Here are several perspectives that explain why:

1. The Capacity for Compassion

Even in the darkest times, people consistently show acts of kindness — rescuing strangers, helping the poor, protecting the environment, or standing up for justice. Across cultures and history, compassion persists as a fundamental human impulse.

“The smallest act of kindness is worth more than the grandest intention.” — Oscar Wilde

2. The Drive to Evolve

Human beings are learning organisms. Psychologically, every generation has improved its understanding of trauma, empathy, and mental health. As knowledge deepens, so does our capacity to act with wisdom rather than impulse.

In this sense, hope in humanity is hope in our ability to learn from suffering — to transform mistakes into insight.

3. Creative and Spiritual Potential

Art, science, and spirituality reveal humanity’s higher nature. From music and literature to the exploration of space, these pursuits express a yearning to connect with something larger than ourselves — truth, beauty, or divinity.

This creative impulse suggests that there is something inherently luminous within human consciousness.

4. Resilience in Crisis

History shows that after every collapse — wars, pandemics, disasters — people rebuild. Hope is not naive optimism; it’s the recognition that the human spirit, though wounded, always seeks to heal and rebuild.

5. The Ripple Effect of Goodness

Psychologically, acts of hope and goodness are contagious. One person choosing integrity, forgiveness, or courage can influence dozens more. This collective ripple can shift the tone of communities, nations, even civilizations.

6. Hope as a Moral Act

To have hope in humanity is itself a moral choice — a refusal to surrender to cynicism. It keeps the inner world aligned with possibility, which strengthens the outer world through our actions and words.

Hope is a discipline. — Mariame Kaba

Shervan K Shahhian

Have Hope in Humanity, why:

That’s a profound statement and one that cuts right to the heart of psychology, philosophy, and even spirituality.

We should have hope in humanity not because humanity is perfect, but because it is capable of growth, reflection, and renewal. Here are several perspectives that explain why:

1. The Capacity for Compassion

Even in the darkest times, people consistently show acts of kindness — rescuing strangers, helping the poor, protecting the environment, or standing up for justice. Across cultures and history, compassion persists as a fundamental human impulse.

“The smallest act of kindness is worth more than the grandest intention.” — Oscar Wilde

2. The Drive to Evolve

Human beings are learning organisms. Psychologically, every generation has improved its understanding of trauma, empathy, and mental health. As knowledge deepens, so does our capacity to act with wisdom rather than impulse.

In this sense, hope in humanity is hope in our ability to learn from suffering — to transform mistakes into insight.

3. Creative and Spiritual Potential

Art, science, and spirituality reveal humanity’s higher nature. From music and literature to the exploration of space, these pursuits express a yearning to connect with something larger than ourselves — truth, beauty, or divinity.

This creative impulse suggests that there is something inherently luminous within human consciousness.

4. Resilience in Crisis

History shows that after every collapse — wars, pandemics, disasters — people rebuild. Hope is not naive optimism; it’s the recognition that the human spirit, though wounded, always seeks to heal and rebuild.

5. The Ripple Effect of Goodness

Psychologically, acts of hope and goodness are contagious. One person choosing integrity, forgiveness, or courage can influence dozens more. This collective ripple can shift the tone of communities, nations, even civilizations.

6. Hope as a Moral Act

To have hope in humanity is itself a moral choice — a refusal to surrender to cynicism. It keeps the inner world aligned with possibility, which strengthens the outer world through our actions and words. Hope is a discipline. Mariame Kaba

Shervan K Shahhian

Understanding Obedience Theory:

Understanding Obedience Theory:

Obedience Theory refers to psychological theories that explain why individuals comply with authority figures, even when doing so may go against their personal morals or ethical standards.

Key Concepts in Obedience Theory:

Definition of Obedience:
 Obedience is a form of social influence where an individual acts in response to a direct order from an authority figure.

1. Milgram’s Obedience Study (1963)

The cornerstone of obedience theory:

  • Experiment Summary:
     Participants were instructed to administer increasingly severe electric shocks to a “learner” (actually an actor) by an authority figure in a lab coat.
  • Findings:
     Over 60% of participants administered the highest voltage, despite believing it caused serious harm.
  • Conclusion:
     People tend to obey authority figures, even against their moral judgment, especially when:
  • The authority appears legitimate
  • The task is framed as serving a higher purpose
  • Responsibility is perceived as being transferred to the authority

2. Factors Influencing Obedience:

  • Authority Legitimacy:
     People obey more when the authority appears credible (e.g., uniformed, institutional).
  • Proximity of Authority:
     Obedience increases when the authority figure is physically close.
  • Proximity of Victim:
     Obedience decreases when the victim is closer or more personally known.
  • Group Influence:
     Presence of dissenting peers reduces obedience.

3. Theoretical Foundations:

  • Agentic State Theory:
     People enter an agentic state where they see themselves as agents executing another person’s wishes, thus reducing personal responsibility.
  • Social Role Theory:
     In the Stanford Prison Experiment, individuals adopted authoritarian or submissive roles based on assigned positions, showing obedience to perceived roles.

4. Applications and Relevance:

  • Military obedience
  • Medical hierarchies
  • Corporate compliance
  • Historical atrocities (e.g., Holocaust)

5. Criticisms and Ethical Concerns:

  • Ethics of experiments:
     Milgram’s and Zimbardo’s studies raised questions about psychological harm and informed consent.
  • Ecological Validity:
     Critics argue that lab-based obedience may not fully represent real-life situations.

Here’s a clear comparison between obedience, conformity, and compliance — three key concepts in social influence:

1. Obedience

  • What it is: Following a direct order or command from an authority figure.
  • Who influences: An authority figure (someone perceived as having legitimate power).
  • Example: A soldier following orders from a commanding officer.
  • Key feature: Power imbalance; the authority has explicit power over the individual.
  • Motivation: Fear of punishment, respect for authority, perceived duty.

2. Conformity

  • What it is: Changing your behavior or beliefs to match those of a group, often due to social pressure.
  • Who influences: Peers or a social group, not necessarily an authority figure.
  • Example: Dressing like your friends or agreeing with group opinions during discussions.
  • Key feature: Informal social influence; no explicit orders, but a desire to fit in or be accepted.
  • Motivation: Desire to be liked (normative influence) or to be correct (informational influence).

3. Compliance

  • What it is: Changing behavior in response to a direct request, but not necessarily from an authority figure.
  • Who influences: Any individual or group making a request.
  • Example: Agreeing to sign a petition when asked by a stranger.
  • Key feature: Voluntary agreement to a request without authority pressure.
  • Motivation: Desire to be helpful, avoid conflict, or gain reward.

Summary Table

Influence Type Source of Influence Nature of Influence Example Motivation Obedience Authority figure Direct command Soldier following orders Fear of punishment, duty Conformity Peer group Social pressure Adopting group behavior Desire for acceptance/correctness Compliance Requester (anyone)Direct request Signing a petition Desire to help, avoid conflict.

Shervan K Shahhian

Conditional love vs Unconditional Love:

Conditional love vs Unconditional Love:

Great question — let’s break it down in a meaningful way.

Conditional Love

Conditional love is based on specific expectations. It says:
 “I love you if you behave a certain way, meet my needs, or uphold certain values.”

Examples:

“I love you because you’re successful.”

“I love you as long as you stay loyal.”

“I love you when you make me feel good.”

It’s often transactional — a give-and-take. When the condition is no longer met, the love may fade. This is the kind of love we often see in early relationships, parental dynamics, or social contracts.

It’s not inherently “bad” — boundaries and expectations are part of healthy relationships. But it’s limited. It often comes with fear: fear of rejection, fear of not being enough.

Unconditional Love

Unconditional love is love without strings. It says:
 “I love you no matter what you do or who you become.”

Examples:

A parent who still loves their child even after serious mistakes.

A partner who loves through illness, failure, or aging.

A spiritual or divine love (e.g., God’s love in many traditions).

It doesn’t mean enabling harmful behavior or losing your self-respect — unconditional love can coexist with strong boundaries. But it’s rooted in acceptance, presence, and a deeper sense of connection. It’s about being, not doing.

In Practice

Conditional love often feels safe and familiar, especially in societies that reward performance and image.

Unconditional love is transformational, but sometimes harder to access — it requires us to love even when ego wants to withdraw.

Big question to sit with:

“Can I still love when I’m not getting what I want?”

Because unconditional love doesn’t always mean staying — but it always means seeing the other’s humanity.

Shervan K Shahhian

Coping with Tragedy:

Tragedy, in a general sense, refers to a disastrous event or a serious misfortune that causes great suffering, distress, or sadness. It doesn’t necessarily follow a pattern of positive assumptions failing, but certain tragedies can indeed be more impactful when they disrupt expectations or plans that were based on positive assumptions.
When people hold positive assumptions about the future or their circumstances, and those assumptions are shattered by unexpected and unfortunate events, it can lead to a heightened sense of disappointment, shock, or grief. The contrast between what was anticipated and what actually occurs can make the impact of a tragedy more profound.
However, it’s important to note that tragedies can also arise without any preceding positive assumptions. They can be unpredictable events that occur independently of our expectations. Life is inherently uncertain, and unforeseen circumstances can disrupt our lives regardless of our outlook on the future.
In coping with tragedy, resilience and adaptability become crucial. It involves the ability to navigate through unexpected challenges and find ways to rebuild and move forward, even when positive assumptions are shattered.
Tragedy, in a general sense, refers to a disastrous event or a serious misfortune that causes great suffering, distress, or sadness. It doesn’t necessarily follow a pattern of positive assumptions failing, but certain tragedies can indeed be more impactful when they disrupt expectations or plans that were based on positive assumptions.
When people hold positive assumptions about the future or their circumstances, and those assumptions are shattered by unexpected and unfortunate events, it can lead to a heightened sense of disappointment, shock, or grief. The contrast between what was anticipated and what actually occurs can make the impact of a tragedy more profound.
However, it’s important to note that tragedies can also arise without any preceding positive assumptions. They can be unpredictable events that occur independently of our expectations. Life is inherently uncertain, and unforeseen circumstances can disrupt our lives regardless of our outlook on the future.
In coping with tragedy, resilience and adaptability become crucial. It involves the ability to navigate through unexpected challenges and find ways to rebuild and move forward, even when positive assumptions are shattered.
Shervan K Shahhian

Parapsychology and Table Levitation’s:

Parapsychology and Table Levitation’s:

Parapsychology is the study of phenomena that seem to defy conventional scientific explanations, often associated with the mind’s influence on the physical world or perceptions beyond the known sensory capabilities. These phenomena include telepathy, clairvoyance, psychokinesis, and survival of consciousness after death. While fascinating, parapsychology remains controversial due to its reliance on subjective experiences and challenges in replicating findings under controlled scientific conditions.

Table Levitation in Parapsychology
Table levitation, also known as table tipping or table tilting, is a phenomenon often associated with séances and spiritualist practices. Participants, usually seated around a table, place their hands lightly on its surface. Under certain conditions, the table appears to move, tilt, or even rise off the ground, seemingly without any physical force applied.

Possible Explanations
Skeptical View:

Ideomotor Effect: Subtle, unconscious movements by participants can cause the table to move.
Deception: Fraudulent mediums have historically been caught using hidden mechanisms or physical tricks.
Group Psychology: Suggestion and expectation in a group setting may lead participants to perceive or exaggerate movements.
Paranormal Perspective:

Psychokinesis: Some believe that mental energy or spiritual forces can cause the table to move.
Spiritual Communication: In spiritualist traditions, table movements are thought to be a means for spirits to communicate.
Scientific Challenges
The reproducibility of table levitation under strict experimental controls is rare. Controlled studies often fail to replicate the phenomenon, leading many scientists to view it with skepticism. However, it remains a compelling subject for those exploring the boundaries of consciousness and physical reality.

Shervan K Shahhian

Adverse Religious Experiences (AREs), what are they:

Adverse Religious Experiences (AREs), what are they:

The term “Adverse Religious Experiences” (AREs) is not as commonly used or established as its counterpart, “Near-Death Experiences” (NDEs), for example. However, it seems to refer to negative or distressing encounters or events associated with religious or spiritual contexts. These experiences may involve feelings of fear, anxiety, or discomfort, and they are often in contrast to the positive or transcendent experiences that individuals may associate with their faith.

AREs can take various forms, such as unsettling visions, disturbing encounters during religious rituals, or feelings of spiritual abandonment. People who undergo these experiences may grapple with existential questions, doubt their religious beliefs, or face psychological challenges as a result.

It’s important to note that religious experiences, both positive and negative, can be highly subjective and culturally influenced. Some individuals may interpret certain events as spiritually adverse, while others may view them differently based on their personal beliefs and cultural background.

Research on adverse religious experiences is not as extensive as that on positive religious experiences or NDEs, and the terminology might not be widely recognized in academic or clinical contexts. If you are interested in this topic, you may want to explore related research in the fields of psychology, religious studies, and theology to gain a more nuanced understanding of the concept and its implications.

Shervan K Shahhian

Venting Frustration, good or bad:

Venting frustration, good or bad:

Venting frustration can be both good and bad, depending on how it is done and the context.

Here are some considerations:

Good aspects:

Emotional Release: Venting frustration can provide a temporary release of pent-up emotions. It allows you to express your feelings, preventing them from building up and causing more significant stress.

Communication: Sharing your frustrations with someone can enhance communication and help them understand your perspective. It can lead to problem-solving and support from others.

Self-awareness: Venting can be a way to gain insight into your own emotions and triggers, helping you understand and manage them better in the future.

Bad aspects:

Escalation: Constant venting without resolution can lead to an escalation of negative emotions. It may make the situation feel worse and contribute to a cycle of frustration.

Impact on Others: Frequent venting may strain relationships, as constant negativity can be draining for those around you. It’s essential to be mindful of how your venting affects others.

Lack of Solutions: If venting becomes the primary way to deal with frustration, it might prevent you from actively seeking solutions to the underlying issues.

Tips for Healthy Venting:

Limit Venting: Try not to make venting a constant habit. Reserve it for situations where it can genuinely provide relief or lead to constructive conversations.

Choose the Right Audience: Vent to someone who is supportive and understanding. Be mindful of how your venting may affect others and choose an appropriate time and place.

Balance with Solutions: While it’s okay to express frustration, also try to focus on finding solutions or alternatives to address the underlying issues.

Self-Reflection: Use venting as an opportunity for self-reflection. Ask yourself why you are feeling frustrated and if there are ways to address the root cause.

Ultimately, the key is balance. Venting can be a healthy way to express emotions, but it should not replace problem-solving or lead to a constant negative outlook. If frustration persists, seeking professional help or finding constructive ways to cope is advisable.

Shervan K Shahhian

Spirituality should include joy:

Spirituality should include joy:

Spirituality can certainly encompass joy, as many spiritual traditions and philosophies emphasize the importance of inner peace, contentment, and positive emotions. Joy can be seen as a natural expression of spiritual well-being, arising from a sense of connection with oneself, others, and the broader universe.

In various spiritual practices, cultivating gratitude, mindfulness, and compassion are often emphasized, which can contribute to a more joyful and fulfilling life. The pursuit of joy can be viewed as a way to align with one’s higher self, connect with a sense of purpose, and experience a deeper connection with life.

However, it’s essential to recognize that spirituality is a broad and diverse concept, and different individuals and traditions may interpret it in various ways. Some may focus more on contemplation, meditation, or ascetic practices, while others may incorporate celebration, dance, and joyous rituals as integral parts of their spiritual expression.

Ultimately, whether joy is a central component of spirituality depends on personal beliefs, practices, and the specific spiritual tradition one follows. Many people find that integrating joy into their spiritual journey enhances their overall well-being and brings a sense of balance and harmony to their lives.

Shervan K Shahhian

Healthy Spirituality, what is it:

Healthy spirituality, what is it:

Healthy spirituality is a subjective and multifaceted concept that encompasses a sense of purpose, connection, and well-being that goes beyond the material and physical aspects of life. It is often associated with a set of beliefs, values, practices, and experiences that contribute to an individual’s overall mental, emotional, and even physical health.

While the specific characteristics of healthy spirituality can vary among individuals and cultures, there are some common elements that are often considered integral to a positive and nourishing spiritual life:

Meaning and Purpose: Healthy spirituality often involves a sense of meaning and purpose in life. This can be derived from personal values, a connection to something greater than oneself, or a commitment to contributing to the well-being of others.

Connection and Relationships: Spirituality often emphasizes connection — with oneself, with others, and with the broader world. Building and nurturing positive relationships, fostering empathy, and experiencing a sense of community contribute to a healthy spiritual life.

Mindfulness and Presence: Practices that promote mindfulness, such as meditation or prayer, are often associated with healthy spirituality. Being present in the moment, cultivating self-awareness, and fostering a sense of inner peace are common aspects of a spiritually enriching life.

Compassion and Gratitude: Healthy spirituality often involves cultivating qualities like compassion and gratitude. Being kind to oneself and others, as well as expressing gratitude for the positive aspects of life, can contribute to a sense of fulfillment and well-being.

Ethical Living: Many spiritual traditions emphasize ethical behavior and moral values. Living in alignment with one’s values and adhering to ethical principles can be a cornerstone of healthy spirituality.

Flexibility and Open-mindedness: Healthy spirituality is often characterized by an openness to different perspectives, a willingness to learn and grow, and the ability to adapt to life’s challenges. This flexibility allows individuals to navigate their spiritual journey with resilience and authenticity.

It’s important to note that healthy spirituality is a highly individualized concept, and what works for one person may not work for another. Different people find meaning and connection in diverse spiritual practices, belief systems, and cultural traditions. Ultimately, healthy spirituality is about fostering a sense of well-being, purpose, and connection that aligns with an individual’s values and enhances their overall quality of life.

Shervan K Shahhian